Active compounds combinations comprising a lipo-chitooligosaccharide derivative and a nematicide, insecticidal or fungicidal compound

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to active compounds combinations which comprises (A) a lipo-chitooligosaccharide derivative and a further nematicide, insecticidal, acaricide or fungicidal compound (B). The present invention also relates to active compounds combinations which comprises further an additional nematicide, insecticidal, acaricide or fungicidal compound (C). Moreover, the invention relates to a method for curatively or preventively or eradicatively controlling harmful organisms, to a method for increasing yield or stimulating plant growth, to the use of a combination according to the invention for the treatment of seed or plant, to a method for protecting a seed and not at least to the treated seed.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

The present application is a 35 U.S.C. §371 national phase conversion ofPCT/EP2013/060452, filed on May 22, 2013, which claims priority ofEuropean Patent Application No. 12356013.8 filed May 22, 2012, and U.S.Patent Application No. 61/669,691, filed on Jul. 10, 2012, each of whichis hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Applicant claimspriority to each of the foregoing patent applications. The PCTInternational Application was published in the English language.

The present invention relates to active compounds combinations whichcomprises (A) a lipo-chitooligosaccharide derivative and a furthernematicide, insecticidal, acaricide or fungicidal compound (B). Thepresent invention also relates to active compounds combinations whichcomprises further an additional nematicide, insecticidal, acaricide orfungicidal compound (C).

Moreover, the invention relates to a method for curatively orpreventively or eradicatively controlling harmful organisms, to a methodfor increasing yield or stimulating plant growth, to the use of acombination according to the invention for the treatment of seed orplant, to a method for protecting a seed and not at least to the treatedseed.

Lipo-chitooligosaccharide (LCO) derivatives, their preparation and theiruse in combinations with insecticidal or fungicidal compounds aredescribed in WO 2005/063784, WO2008/071672, WO2008/071674 andWO2010/125065. Nevertheless, the compositions of the present inventionswere not disclosed in said patent applications.

Torque™ is a product commercialized by Novozymes which includes a LCOderivative.

Since the environmental and economic requirements imposed on modern-daycrop protection compositions are continually increasing, with regard,for example, to the spectrum of action, toxicity, selectivity,application rate, formation of residues, favourable preparation ability,yield increase or plant growth stimulation, and since, furthermore,there may be problems, for example, with resistances, a constant task isto develop new compositions which in some areas at least help to fulfilthe abovementioned requirements.

The present invention provides active compoundscombinations/compositions which in some aspects at least achieve thestated objective.

It has now been found, surprisingly, that the combinations according tothe invention not only bring about the additive enhancement of thespectrum of action that was in principle to be expected but achieves asynergistic effect which extends the range of action of the component(A), of the component (B) and, when applied, of the component (C), intwo ways. Firstly, the rates of application of the component (A), of thecomponent (B) and, when applied, of component (C) are lowered whilst theaction remains equally good. Secondly, the combination still achieves ahigh degree of efficiency even where the two or three individualcompounds have become ineffective or poorly effective in such a lowapplication rate range. This increases safety in use. The activecompounds combinations according to the invention may have furthersurprising properties which, in a wider sense, may also be calledsynergistic, such as, for example: broadening of the activity spectrumto other phytopathogens, for example to resistant strains of plantdiseases; lower application rates of the active compounds; sufficientcontrol of pests with the aid of the active compounds combinationsaccording to the invention even at application rates where theindividual compounds show no or virtually no activity; advantageousbehaviour during formulation or during use, for example during grinding,sieving, emulsifying, dissolving or dispensing; improved storagestability and light stability; advantageous residue formation; improvedtoxicological or ecotoxicological behaviour; improved properties of theplant, for example better growth, increased harvest yields, a betterdeveloped root system, a larger leaf area, greener leaves, strongershoots, less seed required, lower phytotoxicity, mobilization of thedefence system of the plant, good compatibility with plants. Thus, theuse of the active compounds combinations or compositions according tothe invention contributes considerably to keeping young cereal standshealthy, which increases, for example, the winter survival of the cerealseed treated, and also safeguards quality and yield. Moreover, theactive compounds combinations according to the invention may contributeto enhanced systemic action. Even if the individual compounds of thecombination have no sufficient systemic properties, the active compoundscombinations according to the invention may still have this property. Ina similar manner, the active compounds combinations according to theinvention may result in higher persistency of the action.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

(A) at least one derivative of formula (I)

or Torque™;

and

(B) at least one compound B selected from the group consisting ofproducts based on Bacillus firmus (particularly I-1582 strain) orextract thereof, Pasteuria strain or extract thereof, abamectin,fluopyram, thiametoxam, thiodicarb, cyantraniliprole, rynaxypyr,fipronil, ethiprole,1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide,flupyradifurone, mefenoxam, sedaxan, fluoxapyroxad, pyraclostrobin,ipconazol, azoyxystrobin, thiabendazol, methyl-thiophanate.

Torque™ is a product commercialized by Novozymes which includes a LCO(lipo-chitooligosaccharide) derivative.

Bacillus firmus I-1582 strain (CNCM I-1582) is a bacteria from soil withnematicide activity, for which Bayer has requested registration (annex Iof Directive 91/414/CEE).

SIVANTO™ is an insecticide containing the active ingredientflupyradifurone from the chemical class of butenolides developed byBayer.

Cyantraniliprole is the active ingredient found in Cyazypyr™.

In a particular embodiment, the product based on Bacillus firmus orextract thereof is BioNeem™ or VOTiVO™, particularly VOTiVO™.

BioNeem™ is a biological nematicide commercialized by Agro Green.

VOTiVO™ is a product commercialized by Bayer for offering a nematodeprotection on the seed. VOTiVO™ is a product based on the naturally soilbacteria, Bacillus firmus (strain I-1582) that lives and grows with theplant's root system.

VOTiVO™ is advantageously used in association with Poncho™ or with anyother product the active ingredient thereof is clothianidin. Poncho™refers to a family of compositions (Poncho 1250, Poncho 650, Poncho 500,Poncho 250, . . . ) for broad-spectrum insect control commercialized byBayer. The pesticide clothianidin is the active ingredient of Poncho™.The association Poncho/VOTiVO is particularly used against nematodes.

In a particular embodiment, Pasteuria strain is Pasteuria nishizawaestrain or Pasteuria reniformis strain.

In a particular embodiment, the combination according to the inventioncomprises further a third nematicide, insecticide, acaricide orfungicide compound C which is different from compound B.

In a particular embodiment, compound C is a fungicidal compound selectedfrom:

(1) Inhibitors of the ergosterol biosynthesis, for example (1.1)aldimorph (1704-28-5), (1.2) azaconazole (60207-31-0), (1.3) bitertanol(55179-31-2), (1.4) bromuconazole (116255-48-2), (1.5) cyproconazole(113096-99-4), (1.6) diclobutrazole (75736-33-3), (1.7) difenoconazole(119446-68-3), (1.8) diniconazole (83657-24-3), (1.9) diniconazole-M(83657-18-5), (1.10) dodemorph (1593-77-7), (1.11) dodemorph acetate(31717-87-0), (1.12) epoxiconazole (106325-08-0), (1.13) etaconazole(60207-93-4), (1.14) fenarimol (60168-88-9), (1.15) fenbuconazole(114369-43-6), (1.16) fenhexamid (126833-17-8), (1.17) fenpropidin(67306-00-7), (1.18) fenpropimorph (67306-03-0), (1.19) fluquinconazole(136426-54-5), (1.20) flurprimidol (56425-91-3), (1.21) flusilazole(85509-19-9), (1.22) flutriafol (76674-21-0), (1.23) furconazole(112839-33-5), (1.24) furconazole-cis (112839-32-4), (1.25) hexaconazole(79983-71-4), (1.26) imazalil (60534-80-7), (1.27) imazalil sulfate(58594-72-2), (1.28) imibenconazole (86598-92-7), (1.29) ipconazole(125225-28-7), (1.30) metconazole (125116-23-6), (1.31) myclobutanil(88671-89-0), (1.32) naftifine (65472-88-0), (1.33) nuarimol(63284-71-9), (1.34) oxpoconazole (174212-12-5), (1.35) paclobutrazol(76738-62-0), (1.36) pefurazoate (101903-30-4), (1.37) penconazole(66246-88-6), (1.38) piperalin (3478-94-2), (1.39) prochloraz(67747-09-5), (1.40) propiconazole (60207-90-1), (1.41) prothioconazole(178928-70-6), (1.42) pyributicarb (88678-67-5), (1.43) pyrifenox(88283-41-4), (1.44) quinconazole (103970-75-8), (1.45) simeconazole(149508-90-7), (1.46) spiroxamine (118134-30-8), (1.47) tebuconazole(107534-96-3), (1.48) terbinafine (91161-71-6), (1.49) tetraconazole(112281-77-3), (1.50) triadimefon (43121-43-3), (1.51) triadimenol(89482-17-7), (1.52) tridemorph (81412-43-3), (1.53) triflumizole(68694-11-1), (1.54) triforine (26644-46-2), (1.55) triticonazole(131983-72-7), (1.56) uniconazole (83657-22-1), (1.57) uniconazole-p(83657-17-4), (1.58) viniconazole (77174-66-4), (1.59) voriconazole(137234-62-9), (1.60)1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)cycloheptanol (129586-32-9),(1.61) methyl1-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate(110323-95-0), (1.62)N′-{5-(difluoromethyl)-2-methyl-4-[3-(trimethylsilyl)propoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide,(1.63)N-ethyl-N-methyl-N′-{2-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4-[3-(trimethylsilyl)propoxy]phenyl}imidoformamide,(1.64) O-[1-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl]1H-imidazole-1-carbothioate (111226-71-2).

(2) inhibitors of the respiratory chain at complex I or II, for example(2.1) bixafen (581809-46-3), (2.2) boscalid (188425-85-6), (2.3)carboxin (5234-68-4), (2.4) diflumetorim (130339-07-0), (2.5) fenfuram(24691-80-3), (2.6) fluopyram (658066-35-4), (2.7) flutolanil(66332-96-5), (2.8) fluxapyroxad (907204-31-3), (2.9) furametpyr(123572-88-3), (2.10) furmecyclox (60568-05-0), (2.11) isopyrazam(mixture of syn-epimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9RS and anti-epimeric racemate1RS,4SR,9SR) (881685-58-1), (2.12) isopyrazam (anti-epimeric racemate1RS,4SR,9SR), (2.13) isopyrazam (anti-epimeric enantiomer 1R,4S,9S),(2.14) isopyrazam (anti-epimeric enantiomer 1S,4R,9R), (2.15) isopyrazam(syn epimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9RS), (2.16) isopyrazam (syn-epimericenantiomer 1R,4S,9R), (2.17) isopyrazam (syn-epimeric enantiomer1S,4R,9S), (2.18) mepronil (55814-41-0), (2.19) oxycarboxin (5259-88-1),(2.20) penflufen (494793-67-8), (2.21) penthiopyrad (183675-82-3),(2.22) sedaxane (874967-67-6), (2.23) thifluzamide (130000-40-7), (2.24)1-methyl-N-[2-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(2.25)3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[2-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(2.26)3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[4-fluoro-2-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropoxy)phenyl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(2.27)N-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxypropan-2-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide(1092400-95-7), (2.28)5,8-difluoro-N-[2-(2-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]quinazolin-4-amine(1210070-84-0), (2.29) benzovindiflupyr, (2.30)N-[(1S,4R)-9-(dichloromethylene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(2.31)N-[(1R,4S)-9-(dichloromethylene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(2.32)3-(Difluormethyl)-1-methyl-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid,(2.33)1,3,5-Trimethyl-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid,(2.34)1-Methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-N-(1,3,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid,(2.35)1-Methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-N-[(1S)-1,3,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid,(2.36)1-Methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-N-[(1R)-1,3,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid,(2.37)3-(Difluormethyl)-1-methyl-N-[(3S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid,(2.38)3-(Difluormethyl)-1-methyl-N-[(3R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid,(2.39)1,3,5-Trimethyl-N-[(3R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid,(2.40)1,3,5-Trimethyl-N-[(3S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid.

(3) inhibitors of the respiratory chain at complex III, for example(3.1) ametoctradin (865318-97-4), (3.2) amisulbrom (348635-87-0), (3.3)azoxystrobin (131860-33-8), (3.4) cyazofamid (120116-88-3), (3.5)coumethoxystrobin (850881-30-0), (3.6) coumoxystrobin (850881-70-8),(3.7) dimoxystrobin (141600-52-4), (3.8) enestroburin (238410-11-2),(3.9) famoxadone (131807-57-3), (3.10) fenamidone (161326-34-7), (3.11)fenoxystrobin (918162-02-4), (3.12) fluoxastrobin (361377-29-9), (3.13)kresoxim-methyl (143390-89-0), (3.14) metominostrobin (133408-50-1),(3.15) orysastrobin (189892-69-1), (3.16) picoxystrobin (117428-22-5),(3.17) pyraclostrobin (175013-18-0), (3.18) pyrametostrobin(915410-70-7), (3.19) pyraoxystrobin (862588-11-2), (3.20) pyribencarb(799247-52-2), (3.21) triclopyricarb (902760-40-1), (3.22)trifloxystrobin (141517-21-7), (3.23)(2E)-2-(2-{[6-(3-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl]oxy}phenyl)-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylethanamide,(3.24)(2E)-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methyl-2-(2-{[({(1E)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylidene}amino)oxy]methyl}phenyl)ethanamide,(3.25)(2E)-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methyl-2-{2-[(E)-({1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy}imino)methyl]phenyl}ethanamide(158169-73-4), (3.26)(2E)-2-{2-[({[(1E)-1-(3-{[(E)-1-fluoro-2-phenylethenyl]oxy}phenyl)ethylidene]amino}oxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylethanamide(326896-28-0), (3.27)(2E)-2-{2-[({[(2E,3E)-4-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)but-3-en-2-ylidene]amino}oxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylethanamide,(3.28)2-chloro-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide(119899-14-8), (3.29)5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-(2-{[({(1E)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylidene}amino)oxy]methyl}phenyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one,(3.30)methyl(2E)-2-{2-[({cyclopropyl[(4-methoxyphenyl)imino]methyl}sulfanyl)methyl]phenyl}-3-methoxyprop-2-enoate(149601-03-6), (3.31)N-(3-ethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-(formylamino)-2-hydroxybenzamide(226551-21-9), (3.32)2-{2-[(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide(173662-97-0), (3.33)(2R)-2-{2-[(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide(394657-24-0).

(4) Inhibitors of the mitosis and cell division, for example (4.1)benomyl (17804-35-2), (4.2) carbendazim (10605-21-7), (4.3)chlorfenazole (3574-96-7), (4.4) diethofencarb (87130-20-9), (4.5)ethaboxam (162650-77-3), (4.6) fluopicolide (239110-15-7), (4.7)fuberidazole (3878-19-1), (4.8) pencycuron (66063-05-6), (4.9)thiabendazole (148-79-8), (4.10) thiophanate-methyl (23564-05-8), (4.11)thiophanate (23564-06-9), (4.12) zoxamide (156052-68-5), (4.13)5-chloro-7-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-6-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine(214706-53-3), (4.14)3-chloro-5-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-6-methyl-4-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)pyridazine(1002756-87-7).

(5) Compounds capable to have a multisite action, like for example (5.1)bordeaux mixture (8011-63-0), (5.2) captafol (2425-06-1), (5.3) captan(133-06-2), (5.4) chlorothalonil (1897-45-6), (5.5) copper hydroxide(20427-59-2), (5.6) copper naphthenate (1338-02-9), (5.7) copper oxide(1317-39-1), (5.8) copper oxychloride (1332-40-7), (5.9) copper(2+)sulfate (7758-98-7), (5.10) dichlofluanid (1085-98-9), (5.11) dithianon(3347-22-6), (5.12) dodine (2439-10-3), (5.13) dodine free base, (5.14)ferbam (14484-64-1), (5.15) fluorofolpet (719-96-0), (5.16) folpet(133-07-3), (5.17) guazatine (108173-90-6), (5.18) guazatine acetate,(5.19) iminoctadine (13516-27-3), (5.20) iminoctadine albesilate(169202-06-6), (5.21) iminoctadine triacetate (57520-17-9), (5.22)mancopper (53988-93-5), (5.23) mancozeb (8018-01-7), (5.24) maneb(12427-38-2), (5.25) metiram (9006-42-2), (5.26) metiram zinc(9006-42-2), (5.27) oxine-copper (10380-28-6), (5.28) propamidine(104-32-5), (5.29) propineb (12071-83-9), (5.30) sulphur and sulphurpreparations including calcium polysulphide (7704-34-9), (5.31) thiram(137-26-8), (5.32) tolylfluanid (731-27-1), (5.33) zineb (12122-67-7),(5.34) ziram (137-30-4).

(6) Compounds capable to induce a host defence, like for example (6.1)acibenzolar-S-methyl (135158-54-2), (6.2) isotianil (224049-04-1), (6.3)probenazole (27605-76-1), (6.4) tiadinil (223580-51-6).

(7) Inhibitors of the amino acid and/or protein biosynthesis, forexample (7.1) andoprim (23951-85-1), (7.2) blasticidin-S (2079-00-7),(7.3) cyprodinil (121552-61-2), (7.4) kasugamycin (6980-18-3), (7.5)kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate (19408-46-9), (7.6) mepanipyrim(110235-47-7), (7.7) pyrimethanil (53112-28-0), (7.8)3-(5-fluoro-3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)quinoline(861647-32-7).

(8) Inhibitors of the ATP production, for example (8.1) fentin acetate(900-95-8), (8.2) fentin chloride (639-58-7), (8.3) fentin hydroxide(76-87-9), (8.4) silthiofam (175217-20-6).

(9) Inhibitors of the cell wall synthesis, for example (9.1)benthiavalicarb (177406-68-7), (9.2) dimethomorph (110488-70-5), (9.3)flumorph (211867-47-9), (9.4) iprovalicarb (140923-17-7), (9.5)mandipropamid (374726-62-2), (9.6) polyoxins (11113-80-7), (9.7)polyoxorim (22976-86-9), (9.8) validamycin A (37248-47-8), (9.9)valifenalate (283159-94-4; 283159-90-0).

(10) Inhibitors of the lipid and membrane synthesis, for example (10.1)biphenyl (92-52-4), (10.2) chloroneb (2675-77-6), (10.3) dicloran(99-30-9), (10.4) edifenphos (17109-49-8), (10.5) etridiazole(2593-15-9), (10.6) iodocarb (55406-53-6), (10.7) iprobenfos(26087-47-8), (10.8) isoprothiolane (50512-35-1), (10.9) propamocarb(25606-41-1), (10.10) propamocarb hydrochloride (25606-41-1), (10.11)prothiocarb (19622-08-3), (10.12) pyrazophos (13457-18-6), (10.13)quintozene (82-68-8), (10.14) tecnazene (117-18-0), (10.15)tolclofos-methyl (57018-04-9).

(11) Inhibitors of the melanine biosynthesis, for example (11.1)carpropamid (104030-54-8), (11.2) diclocymet (139920-32-4), (11.3)fenoxanil (115852-48-7), (11.4) phthalide (27355-22-2), (11.5)pyroquilon (57369-32-1), (11.6) tricyclazole (41814-78-2), (11.7)2,2,2-trifluoroethyl{3-methyl-1-[(4-methylbenzoyl)amino]butan-2-yl}carbamate (851524-22-6).

(12) Inhibitors of the nucleic acid synthesis, for example (12.1)benalaxyl (71626-11-4), (12.2) benalaxyl-M (kiralaxyl) (98243-83-5),(12.3) bupirimate (41483-43-6), (12.4) clozylacon (67932-85-8), (12.5)dimethirimol (5221-53-4), (12.6) ethirimol (23947-60-6), (12.7)furalaxyl (57646-30-7), (12.8) hymexazol (10004-44-1), (12.9) metalaxyl(57837-19-1), (12.10) metalaxyl-M (mefenoxam) (70630-17-0), (12.11)ofurace (58810-48-3), (12.12) oxadixyl (77732-09-3), (12.13) oxolinicacid (14698-29-4).

(13) Inhibitors of the signal transduction, for example (13.1)chlozolinate (84332-86-5), (13.2) fenpiclonil (74738-17-3), (13.3)fludioxonil (131341-86-1), (13.4) iprodione (36734-19-7), (13.5)procymidone (32809-16-8), (13.6) quinoxyfen (124495-18-7), (13.7)vinclozolin (50471-44-8).

(14) Compounds capable to act as an uncoupler, like for example (14.1)binapacryl (485-31-4), (14.2) dinocap (131-72-6), (14.3) ferimzone(89269-64-7), (14.4) fluazinam (79622-59-6), (14.5) meptyldinocap(131-72-6).

(15) Further compounds, like for example (15.1) benthiazole(21564-17-0), (15.2) bethoxazin (163269-30-5), (15.3) capsimycin(70694-08-5), (15.4) carvone (99-49-0), (15.5) chinomethionat(2439-01-2), (15.6) pyriofenone (chlazafenone) (688046-61-9), (15.7)cufraneb (11096-18-7), (15.8) cyflufenamid (180409-60-3), (15.9)cymoxanil (57966-95-7), (15.10) cyprosulfamide (221667-31-8), (15.11)dazomet (533-74-4), (15.12) debacarb (62732-91-6), (15.13) dichlorophen(97-23-4), (15.14) diclomezine (62865-36-5), (15.15) difenzoquat(49866-87-7), (15.16) difenzoquat methylsulphate (43222-48-6), (15.17)diphenylamine (122-39-4), (15.18) ecomate, (15.19) fenpyrazamine(473798-59-3), (15.20) flumetover (154025-04-4), (15.21) fluoroimide(41205-21-4), (15.22) flusulfamide (106917-52-6), (15.23) flutianil(304900-25-2), (15.24) fosetyl-aluminium (39148-24-8), (15.25)fosetyl-calcium, (15.26) fosetyl-sodium (39148-16-8), (15.27)hexachlorobenzene (118-74-1), (15.28) irumamycin (81604-73-1), (15.29)methasulfocarb (66952-49-6), (15.30) methyl isothiocyanate (556-61-6),(15.31) metrafenone (220899-03-6), (15.32) mildiomycin (67527-71-3),(15.33) natamycin (7681-93-8), (15.34) nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate(15521-65-0), (15.35) nitrothal-isopropyl (10552-74-6), (15.36)octhilinone (26530-20-1), (15.37) oxamocarb (917242-12-7), (15.38)oxyfenthiin (34407-87-9), (15.39) pentachlorophenol and salts (87-86-5),(15.40) phenothrin, (15.41) phosphorous acid and its salts (13598-36-2),(15.42) propamocarb-fosetylate, (15.43) propanosine-sodium (88498-02-6),(15.44) proquinazid (189278-12-4), (15.45) pyrimorph (868390-90-3),(15.45e)(2E)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one(1231776-28-5), (15.45z)(2Z)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one(1231776-29-6), (15.46) pyrrolnitrine (1018-71-9), (15.47) tebufloquin(376645-78-2), (15.48) tecloftalam (76280-91-6), (15.49) tolnifanide(304911-98-6), (15.50) triazoxide (72459-58-6), (15.51) trichlamide(70193-21-4), (15.52) zarilamid (84527-51-5), (15.53)(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-benzyl-3-[({3-[(isobutyryloxy)methoxy]-4-methoxypyridin-2-yl}carbonyl)amino]-6-methyl-4,9-dioxo-1,5-dioxonan-7-yl2-methylpropanoate (517875-34-2), (15.54)1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone(1003319-79-6), (15.55)1-(4-{4(5S)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone(1003319-80-9), (15.56)1-(4-{4-[5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone(1003318-67-9), (15.57) 1-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl1H-imidazole-1-carboxylate (111227-17-9), (15.58)2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)pyridine (13108-52-6), (15.59)2,3-dibutyl-6-chlorothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (221451-58-7),(15.60)2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone,(15.61)2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)ethanone(1003316-53-7), (15.62)2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)ethanone(1003316-54-8), (15.63)2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-{4-[4-(5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]piperidin-1-yl}ethanone(1003316-51-5), (15.64) 2-butoxy-6-iodo-3-propyl-4H-chromen-4-one,(15.65)2-chloro-5-[2-chloro-1-(2,6-difluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl]pyridine,(15.66) 2-phenylphenol and salts (90-43-7), (15.67)3-(4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)quinoline(861647-85-0), (15.68) 3,4,5-trichloropyridine-2,6-dicarbonitrile(17824-85-0), (15.69)3-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dimethyl-1,2-oxazolidin-3-yl]pyridine, (15.70)3-chloro-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-methylpyridazine,(15.71)4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-3,6-dimethylpyridazine,(15.72) 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol, (15.73)5-chloro-N′-phenyl-N′-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)thiophene-2-sulfonohydrazide(134-31-6), (15.74) 5-fluoro-2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)oxy]pyrimidin-4-amine(1174376-11-4), (15.75)5-fluoro-2-[(4-methylbenzyl)oxy]pyrimidin-4-amine (1174376-25-0),(15.76) 5-methyl-6-octyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine, (15.77)ethyl (2Z)-3-amino-2-cyano-3-phenylprop-2-enoate, (15.78)N′-(4-{[3-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl]oxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide,(15.79)N-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-[3-methoxy-4-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl]propanamide,(15.80)N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(cyano)methyl]-3-[3-methoxy-4-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl]propanamide,(15.81)N-[(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)methyl]-2,4-dichloropyridine-3-carboxamide,(15.82)N-[1-(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-2,4-dichloropyridine-3-carboxamide,(15.83)N-[1-(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-2-fluoro-4-iodopyridine-3-carboxamide,(15.84)N-{(E)-[(cyclopropylmethoxy)imino][6-(difluoromethoxy)-2,3-difluorophenyl]methyl}-2-phenylacetamide(221201-92-9), (15.85)N—{(Z)-[(cyclopropylmethoxy)imino][6-(difluoromethoxy)-2,3-difluorophenyl]methyl}-2-phenylacetamide(221201-92-9), (15.86)N′-{4-[(3-tert-butyl-4-cyano-1,2-thiazol-5-yl)oxy]-2-chloro-5-methylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide,(15.87)N-methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide(922514-49-6), (15.88)N-methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-N-[(1R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide(922514-07-6), (15.89)N-methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-N-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide(922514-48-5), (15.90) pentyl{6-[({[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methylidene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamate,(15.91) phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, (15.92) quinolin-8-ol (134-31-6),(15.93) quinolin-8-ol sulfate (2:1) (134-31-6), (15.94) tert-butyl{6-[({[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methylene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamate;

(16) Further compounds, like for example (16.1)1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-N-[2′-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.2)N-(4′-chlorobiphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.3)N-(2′,4′-dichlorobiphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.4)3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[4′-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.5)N-(2′,5′-difluorobiphenyl-2-yl)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.6)3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[4′-(prop-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.7)5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-N-[4′-(prop-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.8)2-chloro-N-[4′-(prop-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide,(16.9)3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[4′-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.10)N-[4′-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.11)3-(difluoromethyl)-N-(4′-ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.12)N-(4′-ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl)-5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.13) 2-chloro-N-(4′-ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide,(16.14)2-chloro-N-[4′-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide,(16.15)4-(difluoromethyl)-2-methyl-N-[4′-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide,(16.16)5-fluoro-N-[4′-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.17)2-chloro-N-[4′-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide,(16.18)3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[4′-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.19)5-fluoro-N-[4′-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,(16.20)2-chloro-N-[4′-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide,(16.21)(5-bromo-2-methoxy-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)(2,3,4-trimethoxy-6-methylphenyl)methanone,(16.22)N-[2-(4-{[3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-3-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-N2-(methylsulfonyl)valinamide(220706-93-4), (16.23) 4-oxo-4-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]butanoic acid,(16.24) but-3-yn-1-yl{6-[({[(Z)-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methylene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamate,(16.25) 4-Amino-5-fluorpyrimidin-2-ol (mesomere Form:6-Amino-5-fluorpyrimidin-2(1H)-on), (16.26) propyl3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate.

All named mixing partners of the classes (1) to (16) can, if theirfunctional groups enable this, optionally form salts with suitable basesor acids.

In an other particular embodiment, compound C is a insecticidal,nematicide or acaricide compound selected from:

(1) Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, for example

carbamates, e.g. Alanycarb, Aldicarb, Bendiocarb, Benfuracarb,Butocarboxim, Butoxycarboxim, Carbaryl, Carbofuran, Carbosulfan,Ethiofencarb, Fenobucarb, Formetanate, Furathiocarb, Isoprocarb,Methiocarb, Methomyl, Metolcarb, Oxamyl, Pirimicarb, Propoxur,Thiodicarb, Thiofanox, Triazamate, Trimethacarb, XMC, and Xylylcarb; or

organophosphates, e.g. Acephate, Azamethiphos, Azinphos-ethyl,Azinphos-methyl, Cadusafos, Chlorethoxyfos, Chlorfenvinphos,Chlormephos, Chlorpyrifos, Chlorpyrifos-methyl, Coumaphos, Cyanophos,Demeton-S-methyl, Diazinon, Dichlorvos/DDVP, Dicrotophos, Dimethoate,Dimethylvinphos, Disulfoton, EPN, Ethion, Ethoprophos, Famphur,Fenamiphos, Fenitrothion, Fenthion, Fosthiazate, Heptenophos, Imicyafos,Isofenphos, Isopropyl O-(methoxyaminothio-phosphoryl) salicylate,Isoxathion, Malathion, Mecarbam, Methamidophos, Methidathion, Mevinphos,Monocrotophos, Naled, Omethoate, Oxydemeton-methyl, Parathion,Parathion-methyl, Phenthoate, Phorate, Phosalone, Phosmet, Phosphamidon,Phoxim, Pirimiphos-methyl, Profenofos, Propetamphos, Prothiofos,Pyraclofos, Pyridaphenthion, Quinalphos, Sulfotep, Tebupirimfos,Temephos, Terbufos, Tetrachlorvinphos, Thiometon, Triazophos,Trichlorfon, and Vamidothion.

(2) GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists, for example

cyclodiene organochlorines, e.g. Chlordane and Endosulfan; or

phenylpyrazoles (fiproles), e.g. Ethiprole and Fipronil.

(3) Sodium channel modulators/voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers,for example pyrethroids, e.g. Acrinathrin, Allethrin, d-cis-transAllethrin, d-trans Allethrin, Bifenthrin, Bioallethrin, BioallethrinS-cyclopentenyl isomer, Bioresmethrin, Cycloprothrin, Cyfluthrin,beta-Cyfluthrin, Cyhalothrin, lambda-Cyhalothrin, gamma-Cyhalothrin,Cypermethrin, alpha-Cypermethrin, beta-Cypermethrin, theta-Cypermethrin,zeta-Cypermethrin, Cyphenothrin [(1R)-trans isomers], Deltamethrin,Empenthrin [(EZ)-(1R) isomers), Esfenvalerate, Etofenprox,Fenpropathrin, Fenvalerate, Flucythrinate, Flumethrin, tau-Fluvalinate,Halfenprox, Imiprothrin, Kadethrin, Permethrin, Phenothrin [(1R)-transisomer), Prallethrin, Pyrethrine (pyrethrum), Resmethrin, Silafluofen,Tefluthrin, Tetramethrin, Tetramethrin [(1R) isomers)], Tralomethrin,and Transfluthrin; or

DDT; or Methoxychlor.

(4) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, for example

neonicotinoids, e.g. Acetamiprid, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran,Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Thiacloprid, and Thiamethoxam; or

Nicotine; or

Sulfoxaflor.

(5) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric activators, forexample

spinosyns, e.g. Spinetoram and Spinosad.

(6) Chloride channel activators, for example

avermectins/milbemycins, e.g. Abamectin, Emamectin benzoate, Lepimectin,and Milbemectin.

(7) Juvenile hormone mimics, for example

juvenile hormon analogues, e.g. Hydroprene, Kinoprene, and Methoprene;or

Fenoxycarb; or Pyriproxyfen.

(8) Miscellaneous non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors, for example

alkyl halides, e.g. Methyl bromide and other alkyl halides; or

Chloropicrin; or Sulfuryl fluoride; or Borax; or Tartar emetic.

(9) Selective homopteran feeding blockers, e.g. Pymetrozine; orFlonicamid.

(10) Mite growth inhibitors, e.g. Clofentezine, Hexythiazox, andDiflovidazin; or

Etoxazole.

(11) Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes, e.g. Bacillusthuringiensis subspecies israelensis, Bacillus thuringiensis subspeciesaizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki, Bacillusthuringiensis subspecies tenebrionis, and B.t. crop proteins: Cry1Ab,Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry1A.105, Cry2Ab, Vip3A, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb, Cry34Ab1/35Ab1; or

Bacillus sphaericus.

(12) Inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase, for exampleDiafenthiuron; or

organotin miticides, e.g. Azocyclotin, Cyhexatin, and Fenbutatin oxide;or

Propargite; or Tetradifon.

(13) Uncouplers of oxidative phoshorylation via disruption of the protongradient, for example Chlorfenapyr, DNOC, and Sulfluramid.

(14) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blockers, forexample Bensultap, Cartap hydrochloride, Thiocyclam, andThiosultap-sodium.

(15) Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 0, for exampleBistrifluron, Chlorfluazuron, Diflubenzuron, Flucycloxuron,Flufenoxuron, Hexaflumuron, Lufenuron, Novaluron, Noviflumuron,Teflubenzuron, and Triflumuron.

(16) Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 1, for example Buprofezin.

(17) Moulting disruptors, for example Cyromazine.

(18) Ecdysone receptor agonists, for example Chromafenozide,Halofenozide, Methoxyfenozide, and Tebufenozide.

(19) Octopamine receptor agonists, for example Amitraz.

(20) Mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors, forexample Hydramethylnon; or Acequinocyl; or Fluacrypyrim.

(21) Mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors, for example

METI acaricides, e.g. Fenazaquin, Fenpyroximate, Pyrimidifen, Pyridaben,Tebufenpyrad, and Tolfenpyrad; or

Rotenone (Derris).

(22) Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, e.g. Indoxacarb; orMetaflumizone.

(23) Inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylase, for example

tetronic and tetramic acid derivatives, e.g. Spirodiclofen,Spiromesifen, and Spirotetramat.

(24) Mitochondrial complex IV electron transport inhibitors, for example

phosphines, e.g. Aluminium phosphide, Calcium phosphide, Phosphine, andZinc phosphide; or

Cyanide.

(25) Mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors, for examplebeta-ketonitrile derivatives, e.g. Cyenopyrafen and Cyflumetofen.

(28) Ryanodine receptor modulators, for example

diamides, e.g. Chlorantraniliprole, Cyantraniliprole, and Flubendiamide.

Further active ingredients with unknown or uncertain mode of action, forexample Amidoflumet, Azadirachtin, Benclothiaz, Benzoximate, Bifenazate,Bromopropylate, Chinomethionat, Cryolite, Dicofol, Diflovidazin,Fluensulfone, Flufenerim, Flufiprole, Fluopyram, Fufenozide,Imidaclothiz, Iprodione, Meperfluthrin, Pyridalyl, Pyrifluquinazon,Tetramethylfluthrin, and iodomethane; furthermore products based onBacillus firmus (including but not limited to strain CNCM I-1582 orextract thereof, such as, for example, VOTiVO™, BioNem) or one of thefollowing known active compounds:3-bromo-N-{2-bromo-4-chloro-6-[(1-cyclopropylethyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide(known from WO2005/077934),4-{[(6-bromopyridin-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one(known from WO2007/115644),4-{[(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one(known from WO2007/115644),4-{[(2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one(known from WO2007/115644),4-{[(6-chlorpyridin-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one(known from WO2007/115644), Flupyradifurone,4-{[(6-chlor-5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one(known from WO2007/115643),4-{[(5,6-dichloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one(known from WO2007/115646),4-{[(6-chloro-5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one(known from WO2007/115643),4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one(known from EP-A-0 539 588),4-{[(6-chlorpyridin-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (knownfrom EP-A-0 539 588),{[1-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}cyanamide(known from WO2007/149134) and its diastereomers{[(1R)-1-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}cyanamide(A) and{[(1S)-1-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidene}cyanamide(B) (also known from WO2007/149134) as well as diastereomers[(R)-methyl(oxido){(1R)-1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]cyanamide(A1) and[(S)-methyl(oxido){(1S)-1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]cyanamide(A2), referred to as group of diastereomers A (known from WO2010/074747,WO2010/074751), [(R)-methyl(oxido)(1S)-1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]cyanamide(B1) and[(S)-methyl(oxido){(1R)-1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-λ⁴-sulfanylidene]cyanamide(B2), referred to as group of diastereomers B (also known fromWO2010/074747, WO2010/074751), and11-(4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-12-hydroxy-1,4-dioxa-9-azadispiro[4.2.4.2]tetradec-11-en-10-one(known from WO2006/089633),3-(4′-fluoro-2,4-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-one(known from WO2008/067911),1-{2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(2,2,2-trifluorethyl)sulfinyl]phenyl}-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine(known from WO2006/043635),[(3S,4aR,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)oxy]-6,12-dihydroxy-4,12b-dimethyl-11-oxo-9-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-decahydro-2H,11H-benzo[f]pyrano[4,3-b]chromen-4-yl]methylcyclopropanecarboxylate (known from WO2008/066153),2-cyano-3-(difluoromethoxy)-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide (known fromWO2006/056433), 2-cyano-3-(difluoromethoxy)-N-methylbenzenesulfonamide(known from WO2006/100288),2-cyano-3-(difluoromethoxy)-N-ethylbenzenesulfonamide (known fromWO2005/035486),4-(difluoromethoxy)-N-ethyl-N-methyl-1,2-benzothiazol-3-amine1,1-dioxide (known from WO2007/057407),N-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)-2-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-amine(known from WO2008/104503),{1′-[(2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]-5-fluorospiro[indole-3,4′-piperidin]-1(2H)-yl}(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)methanone(known from WO2003/106457),3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-one(known from WO2009/049851),3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy-2-oxo-1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-ylethyl carbonate (known from WO2009/049851),4-(but-2-yn-1-yloxy)-6-(3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine(known from WO2004/099160),(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)malononitrile(known from WO2005/063094),(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl)(3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobutyl)malononitrile(known from WO2005/063094),8-[2-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-3-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridazin-3-yl]-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane(known from WO2007/040280), Flometoquin, PF1364 (CAS-Reg. No.1204776-60-2) (known from JP2010/018586),5-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile(known from WO2007/075459),5-[5-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile(known from WO2007/075459),4-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-2-methyl-N-{2-oxo-2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]ethyl}benzamide(known from WO2005/085216),4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}-1,3-oxazol-2(5H)-one,4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino}-1,3-oxazol-2(5H)-one,4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](ethyl)amino}-1,3-oxazol-2(5H)-one,4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}-1,3-oxazol-2(5H)-one(all known from WO2010/005692),N-[4-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-methoxypropan-2-yl)-3-isobutylphenyl]-N-isobutyryl-1,3,5-trimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide(known from WO2002/096882), methyl2-[2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-chloro-3-methylbenzoyl]-2-methylhydrazinecarboxylate(known from WO2005/085216), methyl2-[2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-cyano-3-methylbenzoyl]-2-ethylhydrazinecarboxylate(known from WO2005/085216), methyl2-[2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-cyano-3-methylbenzoyl]-2-methylhydrazinecarboxylate(known from WO2005/085216), methyl2-[3,5-dibromo-2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)benzoyl]-1,2-diethylhydrazinecarboxylate(known from WO2005/085216), methyl2-[3,5-dibromo-2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)benzoyl]-2-ethylhydrazinecarboxylate(known from WO2005/085216),(5RS,7RS;5RS,7SR)-1-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-7-methyl-8-nitro-5-propoxyimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine(known from WO2007/101369),2-{6-[2-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]pyridin-2-yl}pyrimidine(known from WO2010/006713),2-{6-[2-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]pyridin-2-yl}pyrimidine (knownfrom WO2010/006713),1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide(known from WO2010/069502),1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide(known from WO2010/069502),N-[2-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-4-cyano-6-methylphenyl]-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide(known from WO2010/069502),N-[2-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-4-cyano-6-methylphenyl]-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide(known from WO2010/069502),(1E)-N-[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl]-N′-cyano-N-(2,2-difluoroethyl)ethanimidamide(known from WO2008/009360),N-[2-(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-4-chloro-6-methylphenyl]-3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide(known from CN102057925), and methyl2-[3,5-dibromo-2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)benzoyl]-2-ethyl-1-methylhydrazinecarboxylate(known from WO2011/049233).

The active ingredients specified herein by their “common name” are knownand described, for example, in the Pesticide Manual (“The PesticideManual”, 14th Ed., British Crop Protection Council 2006) or can besearched in the internet (e.g. http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides).

In a particular embodiment, said further nematicide, insecticide,acaricide or fungicide compound C is selected from the group consistingof products based on Bacillus firmus or extract thereof (particularlyI-1582 strain or extract thereof, BioNeem or VOTiVO™), Pasteuria strain(particularly Pasteuria nishizawae strain or Pasteuria reniformisstrain) or extract thereof, abamectin, fluopyram, clothianidin,imidacloprid, thiametoxam, thiodicarb, cyantraniliprole, rynaxypyr,fipronil, ethiprole,1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide,flupyradifurone, metalaxyl, mefenoxam, metalaxyl M, penflufen, sedaxan,fluoxapyroxad, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, fludioxinil,trifloxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, ipconazol, azoyxystrobin, thiabendazol,methyl-thiophanate.

In a particular embodiment, the combination of the invention consists ofa compound A of formula (I) as herein described or Torque™ and an activecompound B selected from the group consisting of products based onBacillus firmus or extract thereof (particularly I-1582 strain orextract thereof, BioNeem or VOTiVO™), Pasteuria strain (particularlyPasteuria nishizawae strain or Pasteuria reniformis strain) or extractthereof, abamectin, fluopyram, thiametoxam, thiodicarb,cyantraniliprole, rynaxypyr, fipronil, ethiprole,1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide,flupyradifurone, mefenoxam, sedaxan, fluoxapyroxad, pyraclostrobin,ipconazol, azoyxystrobin, thiabendazol, methyl-thiophanate.

In a particular embodiment, the combination of the invention consists ofa compound A of formula (I) as herein described or Torque™, an activecompound B selected from the group consisting of products based onBacillus firmus or extract thereof (particularly I-1582 strain orextract thereof, BioNeem or VOTiVO™), Pasteuria strain (particularlyPasteuria nishizawae strain or Pasteuria reniformis strain) or extractthereof, abamectin, fluopyram, thiametoxam, thiodicarb,cyantraniliprole, rynaxypyr, fipronil, ethiprole,1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide,flupyradifurone, mefenoxam, sedaxan, fluoxapyroxad, pyraclostrobin,ipconazol, azoyxystrobin, thiabendazol, methyl-thiophanate and anematicide, insecticide, acaricide or fungicide compound C differentfrom compound B.

In a particular embodiment, the combination of the invention consists ofa compound A of formula (I) as herein described or Torque™, an activecompound B selected from the group consisting of products based onBacillus firmus or extract thereof (particularly I-1582 strain orextract thereof, BioNeem or VOTiVO™), abamectin, Pasteuria strain(particularly Pasteuria nishizawae strain or Pasteuria reniformisstrain) or extract thereof, fluopyram, thiametoxam, thiodicarb,cyantraniliprole, rynaxypyr, fipronil, ethiprole,1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide,flupyradifurone, mefenoxam, sedaxan, fluoxapyroxad, pyraclostrobin,ipconazol, azoyxystrobin, thiabendazol, methyl-thiophanate and an activecompound C different from compound B, wherein compound C is selectedfrom the group consisting of products based on Bacillus firmus orextract thereof (particulalrly I-1582 strain or extract thereof, BioNeemor VOTiVO™), abamectin, Pasteuria strain (particularly Pasteurianishizawae strain or Pasteuria reniformis strain) or extract thereof,fluopyram, clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiametoxam, thiodicarb,cyantraniliprole, rynaxypyr, fipronil, ethiprole,1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide,flupyradifurone, metalaxyl, mefenoxam, metalaxyl M, penflufen, sedaxan,fluoxapyroxad, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, fludioxinil,trifloxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, ipconazol, azoyxystrobin, thiabendazol,methyl-thiophanate.

In a particular embodiment, the combination of the invention comprisesa) the compound A of formula (I) as herein described or Torque™ and b) aproduct based on Bacillus firmus or extract thereof.

In a particular embodiment, the combination of the invention comprisesa) the compound A of formula (I) as herein described or Torque™, b) aproduct based on Bacillus firmus or extract thereof, and c)clothianidin.

In a particular embodiment, the combination of the invention comprisesa) the compound A of formula (I) as herein described and b) a productbased on Bacillus firmus or extract thereof.

In a particular embodiment, the combination of the invention comprisesa) the compound A of formula (I) as herein described, b) a product basedon Bacillus firmus or extract thereof and c) clothianidin.

In a particular embodiment, the combination of the invention comprisesa) the compound A of formula (I) as herein described or Torque™ and b)VOTiVO™.

In a particular embodiment, the combination of the invention comprisesa) the compound A of formula (I) as herein described or Torque™, b)VOTiVO™, and c) clothianidin.

In a particular embodiment, the combination of the invention comprisesa) the compound A of formula (I) as herein described and b) VOTiVO™.

In a particular embodiment, the combination of the invention comprisesa) the compound A of formula (I) as herein described, b) VOTiVO™, and c)clothianidin.

In the context of the invention, clothianidin is advantageously providedby the use of Poncho™, a pesticide product commercialized by Bayer.Clothianidin is the active ingredient of Poncho™.

If the active compounds in the active compounds combinations accordingto the invention are present in certain weight ratios, the synergisticeffect is particularly pronounced. However, the weight ratios of theactive compounds in the active compounds combinations can be variedwithin a relatively wide range.

In the combinations according to the invention the compounds (A) and (B)are preferably present in a synergistically effective weight ratio of ABin a range from 1/1 to 1/10¹⁰, from 1/1 to 1/10⁹, from 1/10 to 1/10⁸,from 1/10² to 1/10⁷, from 1/10³ to 1/10⁶.

In the combinations according to the invention the compounds (A), (B)and (C) are preferably present in a synergistically effective weightratio of A/B/C in a range from 1/1/1 to 1/10¹⁰/10¹¹, from 1/1/10 to1/10⁹/10¹⁰, from 1/10/10² to 1/10⁸/10⁹, from 1/10²/10³ to 1/10⁷/10⁸,from 1/10³/10⁴ to 1/10⁶/10⁷.

When the combinations according to the invention are used for seedtreatment, compound (A) may preferably be applied in a synergisticallyeffective concentration of 10⁻⁴ to 10⁴ mg/100 kg of seed, of 10⁻³ to 10³mg/100 kg of seed, of 10⁻² to 10² mg/100 kg of seed; compound (B) maypreferably be applied in a synergistically effective concentration of10⁻² to 10⁵ g/100 kg of seed, of 10⁻¹ to 10⁴ g/100 kg of seed, of 1 to10³ g/100 kg of seed; compound (C), when present, may preferably beapplied in a synergistically effective concentration of 10⁻¹ to 10⁶g/100 kg of seed, of 1 to 10⁵ g/100 kg of seed, of 10 to 10⁴ g/100 kg ofseed.

Where a compound (A) or a compound (B) can be present in tautomericform, such a compound is understood hereinabove and hereinbelow also toinclude, where applicable, corresponding tautomeric forms, even whenthese are not specifically mentioned in each case.

Compounds (A) or compounds (B) having at least one basic centre arecapable of forming, for example, acid addition salts, e.g. with stronginorganic acids, such as mineral acids, e.g. perchloric acid, sulfuricacid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, a phosphoric acid or a hydrohalic acid,with strong organic carboxylic acids, such as unsubstituted substituted,e.g. halo-substituted, C₁-C₄-alkanecarboxylic acids, e.g. acetic acid,saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, e.g. oxalic, malonic,succinic, maleic, fumaric and phthalic acid, hydroxycarboxylic acids,e.g. ascorbic, lactic, malic, tartaric and citric acid, or benzoic acid,or with organic sulfonic acids, such as unsubstituted or substituted,e.g. halo-substituted, C₁-C₄-alkane- or arylsulfonic acids, e.g.methane- or p-toluene-sulfonic acid. Compounds (A) or compounds (B)having at least one acid group are capable of forming, for example,salts with bases, e.g. metal salts, such as alkali metal or alkalineearth metal salts, e.g. sodium, potassium or magnesium salts, or saltswith ammonia or an organic amine, such as morpholine, piperidine,pyrrolidine, a mono-, di- or tri-lower alkylamine, e.g. ethyl-,diethyl-, triethyl- or dimethyl-propyl-amine, or a mono-, di- ortri-hydroxy-lower alkylamine, e.g. mono-, di- or tri-ethanolamine. Inaddition, corresponding internal salts may optionally be formed. In thecontext of the invention, preference is given to agrochemicallyadvantageous salts. In view of the close relationship between thecompounds (A) or the compounds (B) in free form and in the form of theirsalts, hereinabove and herein below any reference to the free compounds(A) or free compounds (B) or to their salts should be understood asincluding also the corresponding salts or the free compounds (A) or freecompounds (B), respectively, where appropriate and expedient. Theequivalent also applies to tautomers of compounds (A) or compounds (B)and to their salts.

According to the invention the expression “combination” stands for thevarious combinations of compounds (A) and (B), or (A), (B) and (C), forexample in a single “ready-mix” form, in a combined spray mixturecomposed from separate formulations of the single active compounds, suchas a “tank-mix”, and in a combined use of the single active ingredientswhen applied in a sequential manner, i.e. one after the other with areasonably short period, such as a few hours or days. Preferably theorder of applying the compounds (A), (B), and eventually (C) is notessential for working the present invention.

The present invention furthermore relates to compositions forcombating/controlling undesirable microorganisms comprising the activecompounds combinations according to the invention. Preferably, thecompositions are fungicidal, insecticidal, acaricide or nematicidecompositions comprising agriculturally suitable auxiliaries, solvents,carriers, surfactants or extenders.

Furthermore the invention relates to a method of combating undesirablemicroorganisms, characterized in that the active compounds combinationsaccording to the invention are applied to the phytopathogenic fungi,insects or nematodes and/or their habitat.

The present invention furthermore relates to compositions for increasingthe yield or for stimulating the plant growth comprising the activecompounds combinations according to the invention.

Furthermore the invention relates to a method for increasing the yieldor for stimulating the plant growth, characterized in that the activecompounds combinations according to the invention are applied to theplant.

According to the invention, carrier is to be understood as meaning anatural or synthetic, organic or inorganic substance which is mixed orcombined with the active compounds for better applicability, inparticular for application to plants or plant parts or seeds. Thecarrier, which may be solid or liquid, is generally inert and should besuitable for use in agriculture.

Suitable solid or liquid carriers are: for example ammonium salts andnatural ground minerals, such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz,attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, and ground syntheticminerals, such as finely divided silica, alumina and natural orsynthetic silicates, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers, water, alcohols,especially butanol, organic solvents, mineral oils and vegetable oils,and also derivatives thereof. It is also possible to use mixtures ofsuch carriers. Solid carriers suitable for granules are: for examplecrushed and fractionated natural minerals, such as calcite, marble,pumice, sepiolite, dolomite, and also synthetic granules of inorganicand organic meals and also granules of organic material, such assawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks.

Suitable liquefied gaseous extenders or carriers are liquids which aregaseous at ambient temperature and under atmospheric pressure, forexample aerosol propellants, such as butane, propane, nitrogen andcarbon dioxide.

Tackifiers, such as carboxymethylcellulose and natural and syntheticpolymers in the form of powders, granules and latices, such as gumarabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, or else naturalphospholipids, such as cephalins and lecithins and syntheticphospholipids can be used in the formulations. Other possible additivesare mineral and vegetable oils and waxes, optionally modified.

If the extender used is water, it is also possible for example, to useorganic solvents as auxiliary solvents. Suitable liquid solvents areessentially: aromatic compounds, such as xylene, toluene oralkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatic compounds or chlorinatedaliphatic hydrocarbons, such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes ormethylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane orparaffins, for example mineral oil fractions, mineral and vegetableoils, alcohols, such as butanol or glycol, and also ethers and estersthereof, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutylketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents, such asdimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and also water.

The compositions according to the invention may comprise additionalfurther components, such as, for example, surfactants. Suitablesurfactants are emulsifiers, dispersants or wetting agents having ionicor nonionic properties, or mixtures of these surfactants. Examples ofthese are salts of polyacrylic acid, salts of lignosulfonic acid, saltsof phenolsulfonic acid or naphthalenesulfonic acid, polycondensates ofethylene oxide with fatty alcohols or with fatty acids or with fattyamines, substituted phenols (preferably alkylphenols or arylphenols),salts of sulfosuccinic esters, taurine derivatives (preferably alkyltaurates), phosphoric esters of polyethoxylated alcohols or phenols,fatty esters of polyols, and derivatives of the compounds containingsulfates, sulfonates and phosphates. The presence of a surfactant isrequired if one of the active compounds and/or one of the inert carriersis insoluble in water and when the application takes place in water. Theproportion of surfactants is between 5 and 40 percent by weight of thecomposition according to the invention.

It is possible to use colorants such as inorganic pigments, for exampleiron oxide, titanium oxide, Prussian blue, and organic dyes, such asalizarin dyes, azo dyes and metal phthalocyanine dyes, and tracenutrients, such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt,molybdenum and zinc.

If appropriate, other additional components may also be present, forexample protective colloids, binders, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropicsubstances, penetrants, stabilizers, sequestering agents, complexformers. In general, the active compounds can be combined with any solidor liquid additive customarily used for formulation purposes.

In general, the compositions according to the invention comprise between0.05 and 99 percent by weight, 0.01 and 98 percent by weight, preferablebetween 0.1 and 95 percent by weight, particularly preferred between 0.5and 90 percent by weight of the active compounds combination accordingto the invention, very particularly preferable between 10 and 70 percentby weight.

The active compounds combinations or compositions according to theinvention can be used as such or, depending on their respective physicaland/or chemical properties, in the form of their formulations or the useforms prepared therefrom, such as aerosols, capsule suspensions,cold-fogging concentrates, warm-fogging concentrates, encapsulatedgranules, fine granules, flowable concentrates for the treatment ofseed, ready-to-use solutions, dustable powders, emulsifiableconcentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, water-in-oil emulsions,macrogranules, microgranules, oil-dispersible powders, oil-miscibleflowable concentrates, oil-miscible liquids, foams, pastes,pesticide-coated seed, suspension concentrates, suspoemulsionconcentrates, soluble concentrates, suspensions, wettable powders,soluble powders, dusts and granules, water-soluble granules or tablets,water-soluble powders for the treatment of seed, wettable powders,natural products and synthetic substances impregnated with activecompound, and also microencapsulations in polymeric substances and incoating materials for seed, and also ULV cold-fogging and warm-foggingformulations.

The formulations mentioned can be prepared in a manner known per se, forexample by mixing the active compounds or the active compoundscombinations with at least one additive. Suitable additives are allcustomary formulation auxiliaries, such as, for example, organicsolvents, extenders, solvents or diluents, solid carriers and fillers,surfactants (such as adjuvants, emulsifiers, dispersants, protectivecolloids, wetting agents and tackifiers), dispersants and/or binders orfixatives, preservatives, dyes and pigments, defoamers, inorganic andorganic thickeners, water repellents, if appropriate siccatives and UVstabilizers, gibberellins and also water and further processingauxiliaries. Depending on the formulation type to be prepared in eachcase, further processing steps such as, for example, wet grinding, drygrinding or granulation may be required.

The compositions according to the invention do not only compriseready-to-use compositions which can be applied with suitable apparatusto the plant or the seed, but also commercial concentrates which have tobe diluted with water prior to use.

The active compounds combinations according to the invention can bepresent in (commercial) formulations and in the use forms prepared fromthese formulations as a mixture with other (known) active compounds,such as insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides, acaricides,nematicides, fungicides, growth regulators, herbicides, fertilizers,safeners and Semiochemicals.

The treatment according to the invention of the plants and plant partswith the active compounds or compositions is carried out directly or byaction on their surroundings, habitat or storage space using customarytreatment methods, for example by dipping, spraying, atomizing,irrigating, evaporating, dusting, fogging, broadcasting, foaming,painting, spreading-on, watering (drenching), drip irrigating and, inthe case of propagation material, in particular in the case of seeds,furthermore as a powder for dry seed treatment, a solution for seedtreatment, a water-soluble powder for slurry treatment, by incrusting,by coating with one or more layers, etc. It is furthermore possible toapply the active compounds by the ultra-low volume method, or to injectthe active compound preparation or the active compound itself into thesoil.

The invention furthermore comprises a method for treating seed. Theinvention furthermore relates to seed treated according to one of themethods described in the preceding paragraph.

The active compounds or compositions according to the invention areespecially suitable for treating seed. A large part of the damage tocrop plants caused by harmful organisms is triggered by an infection ofthe seed during storage or after sowing as well as during and aftergermination of the plant. This phase is particularly critical since theroots and shoots of the growing plant are particularly sensitive, andeven small damage may result in the death of the plant. Accordingly,there is great interest in protecting the seed and the germinating plantby using appropriate compositions. There is also a great interest inhaving active compounds, as for example compounds capable of stimulatingthe yield or plant growth, in contact with the seed.

The control of harmful organisms by treating the seed of plants has beenknown for a long time and is the subject of continuous improvements.However, the treatment of seed entails a series of problems which cannotalways be solved in a satisfactory manner Thus, it is desirable todevelop methods for protecting the seed and the germinating plant whichdispense with the additional application of crop protection agents aftersowing or after the emergence of the plants or which at leastconsiderably reduce additional application. It is furthermore desirableto optimize the amount of active compound employed in such a way as toprovide maximum protection for the seed and the germinating plant fromattack by harmful organisms, but without damaging the plant itself bythe active compound employed. In particular, methods for the treatmentof seed should also take into consideration the intrinsic properties oftransgenic plants in order to achieve optimum protection of the seed andthe germinating plant with a minimum of crop protection agents beingemployed.

Accordingly, the present invention also relates in particular to amethod for protecting seed and germinating plants against attack byharmful organisms by treating the seed with a composition according tothe invention. The invention also relates to the use of the compositionsaccording to the invention for treating seed for protecting the seed andthe germinating plant against harmful organisms. Furthermore, theinvention relates to seed treated with a composition according to theinvention for protection against harmful organisms.

The present invention also relates in particular to a method forincreasing the plant yield or stimulating the plant growth by treatingthe seed with a composition according to the invention. The inventionalso relates to the use of the compositions according to the inventionfor treating seed for increasing the plant yield or stimulating theplant growth. Furthermore, the invention relates to seed treated with acomposition according to the invention.

The control of harmful organisms which damage plants post-emergence iscarried out primarily by treating the soil and the above-ground parts ofplants with crop protection compositions. Owing to the concernsregarding a possible impact of the crop protection composition on theenvironment and the health of humans and animals, there are efforts toreduce the amount of active compounds applied.

One of the advantages of the present invention is that, because of theparticular systemic properties of the compositions according to theinvention, treatment of the seed with these compositions not onlyprotects the seed itself, but also the resulting plants after emergence,from harmful organisms. In this manner, the immediate treatment of thecrop at the time of sowing or shortly thereafter can be dispensed with.

It is also considered to be advantageous that the mixtures according tothe invention can be used in particular also for transgenic seed wherethe plant growing from this seed is capable of expressing a proteinwhich acts against pests. By treating such seed with the activecompounds combinations or compositions according to the invention, evenby the expression of the, for example, insecticidal protein, certainpests may be controlled. Surprisingly, a further synergistic effect maybe observed here, which additionally increases the effectiveness of theprotection against attack by pests.

The compositions according to the invention are suitable for protectingseed of any plant variety employed in agriculture, in the greenhouse, inforests or in horticulture or viticulture. In particular, this takes theform of seed of cereals (such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale, millet,oats), maize (corn), cotton, soya bean, rice, potatoes, sunflowers,beans, coffee, beets (e.g. sugar beets and fodder beets), peanuts,oilseed rape, poppies, olives, coconuts, cacao, sugar cane, tobacco,vegetables (such as tomatoes, cucumbers, onions and lettuce), lawn andornamental plants (also see below). The treatment of seeds of cereals(such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale, and oats), maize (corn) and riceis of particular importance.

According to the invention all plants and plant parts can be treated. Byplants is meant all plants and plant populations such as desirable andundesirable wild plants, cultivars and plant varieties (whether or notprotectable by plant variety or plant breeder's rights). Cultivars andplant varieties can be plants obtained by conventional propagation andbreeding methods which can be assisted or supplemented by one or morebiotechnological methods such as by use of double haploids, protoplastfusion, random and directed mutagenesis, molecular or genetic markers orby bioengineering and genetic engineering methods. By plant parts ismeant all above ground and below ground parts and organs of plants suchas shoot, leaf, blossom and root, whereby for example leaves, needles,stems, branches, blossoms, fruiting bodies, fruits and seed as well asroots, corms and rhizomes are listed. Crops and vegetative andgenerative propagating material, for example cuttings, corms, rhizomes,runners and seeds also belong to plant parts.

Among the plants that can be protected by the method according to theinvention, mention may be made of major field crops like corn, soybean,cotton, Brassica oilseeds such as Brassica napus (e.g. canola), Brassicarapa, B. juncea (e.g. mustard) and Brassica carinata, rice, wheat,sugarbeet, sugarcane, oats, rye, barley, millet, triticale, flax, vineand various fruits and vegetables of various botanical taxa such asRosaceae sp. (for instance pip fruit such as apples and pears, but alsostone fruit such as apricots, cherries, almonds and peaches, berryfruits such as strawberries), Ribesioidae sp., Juglandaceae sp.,Betulaceae sp., Anacardiaceae sp., Fagaceae sp., Moraceae sp., Oleaceaesp., Actinidaceae sp., Lauraceae sp., Musaceae sp. (for instance bananatrees and plantings), Rubiaceae sp. (for instance coffee), Theaceae sp.,Sterculiceae sp., Rutaceae sp. (for instance lemons, oranges andgrapefruit); Solanaceae sp. (for instance tomatoes, potatoes, peppers,eggplant), Liliaceae sp., Compositiae sp. (for instance lettuce,artichoke and chicory—including root chicory, endive or common chicory),Umbelliferae sp. (for instance carrot, parsley, celery and celeriac),Cucurbitaceae sp. (for instance cucumber—including pickling cucumber,squash, watermelon, gourds and melons), Alliaceae sp. (for instanceonions and leek), Cruciferae sp. (for instance white cabbage, redcabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, brussel sprouts, pak choi, kohlrabi,radish, horseradish, cress, Chinese cabbage), Leguminosae sp. (forinstance peanuts, peas and beans beans—such as climbing beans and broadbeans), Chenopodiaceae sp. (for instance marigold, spinach beet,spinach, beetroots), Malvaceae (for instance okra), Asparagaceae (forinstance asparagus); horticultural and forest crops; ornamental plants;as well as genetically modified homologues of these crops.

In a particular embodiment, combination according to the invention isused to treat corn, soybean or cotton plant, or seed thereof.

The method of treatment according to the invention can be used in thetreatment of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), e.g. plants orseeds. Genetically modified plants (or transgenic plants) are plants ofwhich a heterologous gene has been stably integrated into genome. Theexpression “heterologous gene” essentially means a gene which isprovided or assembled outside the plant and when introduced in thenuclear, chloroplastic or mitochondrial genome gives the transformedplant new or improved agronomic or other properties by expressing aprotein or polypeptide of interest or by downregulating or silencingother gene(s) which are present in the plant (using for example,antisense technology, cosuppression technology or RNAinterference-RNAi-technology). A heterologous gene that is located inthe genome is also called a transgene. A transgene that is defined byits particular location in the plant genome is called a transformationor transgenic event.

Depending on the plant species or plant cultivars, their location andgrowth conditions (soils, climate, vegetation period, diet), thetreatment according to the invention may also result in superadditive(“synergistic”) effects. Thus, for example, reduced application ratesand/or a widening of the activity spectrum and/or an increase in theactivity of the active compounds and compositions which can be usedaccording to the invention, better plant growth, increased tolerance tohigh or low temperatures, increased tolerance to drought or to water orsoil salt content, increased flowering performance, easier harvesting,accelerated maturation, higher harvest yields, bigger fruits, largerplant height, greener leaf color, earlier flowering, higher qualityand/or a higher nutritional value of the harvested products, highersugar concentration within the fruits, better storage stability and/orprocessability of the harvested products are possible, which exceed theeffects which were actually to be expected.

At certain application rates, the active compounds combinationsaccording to the invention may also have a strengthening effect inplants. Accordingly, they are also suitable for mobilizing the defensesystem of the plant against attack by unwanted microorganisms. This may,if appropriate, be one of the reasons of the enhanced activity of thecombinations according to the invention, for example against fungi.Plant-strengthening (resistance-inducing) substances are to beunderstood as meaning, in the present context, those substances orcombinations of substances which are capable of stimulating the defensesystem of plants in such a way that, when subsequently inoculated withunwanted microorganisms, the treated plants display a substantial degreeof resistance to these microorganisms. In the present case, unwantedmicroorganisms are to be understood as meaning phytopathogenic fungi,bacteria and viruses. Thus, the substances according to the inventioncan be employed for protecting plants against attack by theabovementioned pathogens within a certain period of time after thetreatment. The period of time within which protection is effectedgenerally extends from 1 to 10 days, preferably 1 to 7 days, after thetreatment of the plants with the active compounds.

Plants and plant cultivars which are preferably to be treated accordingto the invention include all plants which have genetic material whichimpart particularly advantageous, useful traits to these plants (whetherobtained by breeding and/or biotechnological means).

Plants and plant cultivars which are also preferably to be treatedaccording to the invention are resistant against one or more bioticstresses, i.e. said plants show a better defense against animal andmicrobial pests, such as against nematodes, insects, mites,phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses and/or viroids.

Examples of nematode resistant plants are described in e.g. U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/765,491, 11/765,494, 10/926,819, 10/782,020,12/032,479, 10/783,417, 10/782,096, 11/657,964, 12/192,904, 11/396,808,12/166,253, 12/166,239, 12/166,124, 12/166,209, 11/762,886, 12/364,335,11/763,947, 12/252,453, 12/209,354, 12/491,396 or 12/497,221.

Plants and plant cultivars which may also be treated according to theinvention are those plants which are resistant to one or more abioticstresses. Abiotic stress conditions may include, for example, drought,cold temperature exposure, heat exposure, osmotic stress, flooding,increased soil salinity, increased mineral exposure, ozone exposure,high light exposure, limited availability of nitrogen nutrients, limitedavailability of phosphorus nutrients, shade avoidance.

Plants and plant cultivars which may also be treated according to theinvention, are those plants characterized by enhanced yieldcharacteristics. Increased yield in said plants can be the result of,for example, improved plant physiology, growth and development, such aswater use efficiency, water retention efficiency, improved nitrogen use,enhanced carbon assimilation, improved photosynthesis, increasedgermination efficiency and accelerated maturation. Yield can furthermorebe affected by improved plant architecture (under stress and non-stressconditions), including but not limited to, early flowering, floweringcontrol for hybrid seed production, seedling vigor, plant size,internode number and distance, root growth, seed size, fruit size, podsize, pod or ear number, seed number per pod or ear, seed mass, enhancedseed filling, reduced seed dispersal, reduced pod dehiscence and lodgingresistance. Further yield traits include seed composition, such ascarbohydrate content, protein content, oil content and composition,nutritional value, reduction in anti-nutritional compounds, improvedprocessability and better storage stability.

Plants that may be treated according to the invention are hybrid plantsthat already express the characteristic of heterosis or hybrid vigorwhich results in generally higher yield, vigor, health and resistancetowards biotic and abiotic stresses). Such plants are typically made bycrossing an inbred male-sterile parent line (the female parent) withanother inbred male-fertile parent line (the male parent). Hybrid seedis typically harvested from the male sterile plants and sold to growers.Male sterile plants can sometimes (e.g. in corn) be produced bydetasseling, i.e. the mechanical removal of the male reproductive organs(or males flowers) but, more typically, male sterility is the result ofgenetic determinants in the plant genome. In that case, and especiallywhen seed is the desired product to be harvested from the hybrid plantsit is typically useful to ensure that male fertility in the hybridplants is fully restored. This can be accomplished by ensuring that themale parents have appropriate fertility restorer genes which are capableof restoring the male fertility in hybrid plants that contain thegenetic determinants responsible for male-sterility. Geneticdeterminants for male sterility may be located in the cytoplasm.Examples of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) were for instance describedin Brassica species (WO 92/05251, WO 95/09910, WO 98/27806, WO05/002324, WO 06/021972 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,229,072). However, geneticdeterminants for male sterility can also be located in the nucleargenome. Male sterile plants can also be obtained by plant biotechnologymethods such as genetic engineering. A particularly useful means ofobtaining male-sterile plants is described in WO 89/10396 in which, forexample, a ribonuclease such as barnase is selectively expressed in thetapetum cells in the stamens. Fertility can then be restored byexpression in the tapetum cells of a ribonuclease inhibitor such asbarstar (e.g. WO 91/02069).

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods suchas genetic engineering) which may be treated according to the inventionare herbicide-tolerant plants, i.e. plants made tolerant to one or moregiven herbicides. Such plants can be obtained either by genetictransformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutationimparting such herbicide tolerance.

Herbicide-resistant plants are for example glyphosate-tolerant plants,i.e. plants made tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate or salts thereof.Plants can be made tolerant to glyphosate through different means. Forexample, glyphosate-tolerant plants can be obtained by transforming theplant with a gene encoding the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphatesynthase (EPSPS). Examples of such EPSPS genes are the AroA gene (mutantCT7) of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium (Comai et al., 1983,Science 221, 370-371), the CP4 gene of the bacterium Agrobacterium sp.(Barry et al., 1992, Curr. Topics Plant Physiol. 7, 139-145), the genesencoding a Petunia EPSPS (Shah et al., 1986, Science 233, 478-481), aTomato EPSPS (Gasser et al., 1988, J. Biol. Chem. 263, 4280-4289), or anEleusine EPSPS (WO 01/66704). It can also be a mutated EPSPS asdescribed in for example EP 0837944, WO 00/66746, WO 00/66747 or WO02/26995. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by expressinga gene that encodes a glyphosate oxido-reductase enzyme as described inU.S. Pat. Nos. 5,776,760 and 5,463,175. Glyphosate-tolerant plants canalso be obtained by expressing a gene that encodes a glyphosate acetyltransferase enzyme as described in for example WO 02/36782, WO03/092360, WO 05/012515 and WO 07/024782. Glyphosate-tolerant plants canalso be obtained by selecting plants containing naturally-occurringmutations of the above-mentioned genes, as described in for example WO01/024615 or WO 03/013226. Plants expressing EPSPS genes that conferglyphosate tolerance are described in e.g. U.S. patent application Ser.No. 11/517,991, 10/739,610, 12/139,408, 12/352,532, 11/312,866,11/315,678, 12/421,292, 11/400,598, 11/651,752, 11/681,285, 11/605,824,12/468,205, 11/760,570, 11/762,526, 11/769,327, 11/769,255, 11/943801 or12/362,774. Plants comprising other genes that confer glyphosatetolerance, such as decarboxylase genes, are described in e.g. U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/588,811, 11/185,342, 12/364,724,11/185,560 or 12/423,926.

Other herbicide resistant plants are for example plants that are madetolerant to herbicides inhibiting the enzyme glutamine synthase, such asbialaphos, phosphinothricin or glufosinate. Such plants can be obtainedby expressing an enzyme detoxifying the herbicide or a mutant glutaminesynthase enzyme that is resistant to inhibition, e.g. described in U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/760,602. One such efficient detoxifyingenzyme is an enzyme encoding a phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (suchas the bar or pat protein from Streptomyces species). Plants expressingan exogenous phosphinothricin acetyltransferase are for exampledescribed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,561,236; 5,648,477; 5,646,024; 5,273,894;5,637,489; 5,276,268; 5,739,082; 5,908,810 and 7,112,665.

Further herbicide-tolerant plants are also plants that are made tolerantto the herbicides inhibiting the enzyme hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase(HPPD). Hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenases are enzymes that catalyze thereaction in which para-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) is transformed intohomogentisate. Plants tolerant to HPPD-inhibitors can be transformedwith a gene encoding a naturally-occurring resistant HPPD enzyme, or agene encoding a mutated or chimeric HPPD enzyme as described in WO96/38567, WO 99/24585, WO 99/24586, WO 2009/144079, WO 2002/046387, orU.S. Pat. No. 6,768,044. Tolerance to HPPD-inhibitors can also beobtained by transforming plants with genes encoding certain enzymesenabling the formation of homogentisate despite the inhibition of thenative HPPD enzyme by the HPPD-inhibitor. Such plants and genes aredescribed in WO 99/34008 and WO 02/36787. Tolerance of plants to HPPDinhibitors can also be improved by transforming plants with a geneencoding an enzyme having prephenate deshydrogenase (PDH) activity inaddition to a gene encoding an HPPD-tolerant enzyme, as described in WO2004/024928. Further, plants can be made more tolerant to HPPD-inhibitorherbicides by adding into their genome a gene encoding an enzyme capableof metabolizing or degrading HPPD inhibitors, such as the CYP450 enzymesshown in WO 2007/103567 and WO 2008/150473.

Still further herbicide resistant plants are plants that are madetolerant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. Known ALS-inhibitorsinclude, for example, sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, triazolopyrimidines,pryimidinyoxy(thio)benzoates, and/or sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinoneherbicides. Different mutations in the ALS enzyme (also known asacetohydroxyacid synthase, AHAS) are known to confer tolerance todifferent herbicides and groups of herbicides, as described for examplein Tranel and Wright (2002, Weed Science 50:700-712), but also, in U.S.Pat. Nos. 5,605,011, 5,378,824, 5,141,870, and 5,013,659. The productionof sulfonylurea-tolerant plants and imidazolinone-tolerant plants isdescribed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,605,011; 5,013,659; 5,141,870; 5,767,361;5,731,180; 5,304,732; 4,761,373; 5,331,107; 5,928,937; and 5,378,824;and international publication WO 96/33270. Other imidazolinone-tolerantplants are also described in for example WO 2004/040012, WO 2004/106529,WO 2005/020673, WO 2005/093093, WO 2006/007373, WO 2006/015376, WO2006/024351, and WO 2006/060634. Further sulfonylurea- andimidazolinone-tolerant plants are also described in for example WO07/024782 and U.S. Patent Application No. 61/288,958.

Other plants tolerant to imidazolinone and/or sulfonylurea can beobtained by induced mutagenesis, selection in cell cultures in thepresence of the herbicide or mutation breeding as described for examplefor soybeans in U.S. Pat. No. 5,084,082, for rice in WO 97/41218, forsugar beet in U.S. Pat. No. 5,773,702 and WO 99/057965, for lettuce inU.S. Pat. No. 5,198,599, or for sunflower in WO 01/065922.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods suchas genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to theinvention are insect-resistant transgenic plants, i.e. plants maderesistant to attack by certain target insects. Such plants can beobtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containinga mutation imparting such insect resistance.

An “insect-resistant transgenic plant”, as used herein, includes anyplant containing at least one transgene comprising a coding sequenceencoding:

-   -   1) an insecticidal crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis        or an insecticidal portion thereof, such as the insecticidal        crystal proteins listed by Crickmore et al. (1998, Microbiology        and Molecular Biology Reviews, 62: 807-813), updated by        Crickmore et al. (2005) at the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin        nomenclature, online at:    -   http://www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/Home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/), or        insecticidal portions thereof, e.g., proteins of the Cry protein        classes Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1B, Cry1C, Cry1D, Cry1F, Cry2Ab,        Cry3Aa, or Cry3Bb or insecticidal portions thereof (e.g. EP        1999141 and WO 2007/107302), or such proteins encoded by        synthetic genes as e.g. described in and U.S. patent application        Ser. No. 12/249,016; or    -   2) a crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a portion        thereof which is insecticidal in the presence of a second other        crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a portion        thereof, such as the binary toxin made up of the Cry34 and Cry35        crystal proteins (Moellenbeck et al. 2001, Nat. Biotechnol. 19:        668-72; Schnepf et al. 2006, Applied Environm. Microbiol. 71,        1765-1774) or the binary toxin made up of the Cry1A or Cry1F        proteins and the Cry2Aa or Cry2Ab or Cry2Ae proteins (U.S.        patent application Ser. No. 12/214,022 and EP 08010791.5); or    -   3) a hybrid insecticidal protein comprising parts of different        insecticidal crystal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis, such        as a hybrid of the proteins of 1) above or a hybrid of the        proteins of 2) above, e.g., the Cry1A.105 protein produced by        corn event MON89034 (WO 2007/027777); or    -   4) a protein of any one of 1) to 3) above wherein some,        particularly 1 to 10, amino acids have been replaced by another        amino acid to obtain a higher insecticidal activity to a target        insect species, and/or to expand the range of target insect        species affected, and/or because of changes introduced into the        encoding DNA during cloning or transformation, such as the        Cry3Bb1 protein in corn events MON863 or MON88017, or the Cry3A        protein in corn event MIR604; or    -   5) an insecticidal secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis        or Bacillus cereus, or an insecticidal portion thereof, such as        the vegetative insecticidal (VIP) proteins listed at:    -   http://www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uldhome/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/vip.html,        e.g., proteins from the VIP3Aa protein class; or    -   6) a secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus        cereus which is insecticidal in the presence of a second        secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or B. cereus, such        as the binary toxin made up of the VIP1A and VIP2A proteins (WO        94/21795); or    -   7) a hybrid insecticidal protein comprising parts from different        secreted proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus        cereus, such as a hybrid of the proteins in 1) above or a hybrid        of the proteins in 2) above; or    -   8) a protein of any one of 5) to 7) above wherein some,        particularly 1 to 10, amino acids have been replaced by another        amino acid to obtain a higher insecticidal activity to a target        insect species, and/or to expand the range of target insect        species affected, and/or because of changes introduced into the        encoding DNA during cloning or transformation (while still        encoding an insecticidal protein), such as the VIP3Aa protein in        cotton event COT102; or    -   9) a secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus        cereus which is insecticidal in the presence of a crystal        protein from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as the binary toxin        made up of VIP3 and Cry1A or Cry1F (U.S. Patent Appl. No.        61/126,083 and 61/195,019), or the binary toxin made up of the        VIP3 protein and the Cry2Aa or Cry2Ab or Cry2Ae proteins (U.S.        patent application Ser. No. 12/214,022 and EP 08010791.5).    -   10) a protein of 9) above wherein some, particularly 1 to 10,        amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid to obtain a        higher insecticidal activity to a target insect species, and/or        to expand the range of target insect species affected, and/or        because of changes introduced into the encoding DNA during        cloning or transformation (while still encoding an insecticidal        protein)

Of course, an insect-resistant transgenic plant, as used herein, alsoincludes any plant comprising a combination of genes encoding theproteins of any one of the above classes 1 to 10. In one embodiment, aninsect-resistant plant contains more than one transgene encoding aprotein of any one of the above classes 1 to 10, to expand the range oftarget insect species affected when using different proteins directed atdifferent target insect species, or to delay insect resistancedevelopment to the plants by using different proteins insecticidal tothe same target insect species but having a different mode of action,such as binding to different receptor binding sites in the insect.

An “insect-resistant transgenic plant”, as used herein, further includesany plant containing at least one transgene comprising a sequenceproducing upon expression a double-stranded RNA which upon ingestion bya plant insect pest inhibits the growth of this insect pest, asdescribed e.g. in WO 2007/080126, WO 2006/129204, WO 2007/074405, WO2007/080127 and WO 2007/035650.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods suchas genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to theinvention are tolerant to abiotic stresses. Such plants can be obtainedby genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing amutation imparting such stress resistance. Particularly useful stresstolerance plants include:

-   -   1) plants which contain a transgene capable of reducing the        expression and/or the activity of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase        (PARP) gene in the plant cells or plants as described in WO        00/04173, WO/2006/045633, EP 04077984.5, or EP 06009836.5.    -   2) plants which contain a stress tolerance enhancing transgene        capable of reducing the expression and/or the activity of the        PARG encoding genes of the plants or plants cells, as described        e.g. in WO 2004/090140.    -   3) plants which contain a stress tolerance enhancing transgene        coding for a plant-functional enzyme of the nicotineamide        adenine dinucleotide salvage synthesis pathway including        nicotinamidase, nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinic        acid mononucleotide adenyl transferase, nicotinamide adenine        dinucleotide synthetase or nicotine amide        phosphorybosyltransferase as described e.g. in EP 04077624.7, WO        2006/133827, PCT/EP07/002433, EP 1999263, or WO 2007/107326.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods suchas genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to theinvention show altered quantity, quality and/or storage-stability of theharvested product and/or altered properties of specific ingredients ofthe harvested product such as:

-   -   1) transgenic plants which synthesize a modified starch, which        in its physical-chemical characteristics, in particular the        amylose content or the amylose/amylopectin ratio, the degree of        branching, the average chain length, the side chain        distribution, the viscosity behaviour, the gelling strength, the        starch grain size and/or the starch grain morphology, is changed        in comparison with the synthesised starch in wild type plant        cells or plants, so that this is better suited for special        applications. Said transgenic plants synthesizing a modified        starch are disclosed, for example, in EP 0571427, WO 95/04826,        EP 0719338, WO 96/15248, WO 96/19581, WO 96/27674, WO 97/11188,        WO 97/26362, WO 97/32985, WO 97/42328, WO 97/44472, WO 97/45545,        WO 98/27212, WO 98/40503, WO99/58688, WO 99/58690, WO 99/58654,        WO 00/08184, WO 00/08185, WO 00/08175, WO 00/28052, WO 00/77229,        WO 01/12782, WO 01/12826, WO 02/101059, WO 03/071860, WO        2004/056999, WO 2005/030942, WO 2005/030941, WO 2005/095632, WO        2005/095617, WO 2005/095619, WO 2005/095618, WO 2005/123927, WO        2006/018319, WO 2006/103107, WO 2006/108702, WO 2007/009823, WO        00/22140, WO 2006/063862, WO 2006/072603, WO 02/034923, EP        06090134.5, EP 06090228.5, EP 06090227.7, EP 07090007.1, EP        07090009.7, WO 01/14569, WO 02/79410, WO 03/33540, WO        2004/078983, WO 01/19975, WO 95/26407, WO 96/34968, WO 98/20145,        WO 99/12950, WO 99/66050, WO 99/53072, U.S. Pat. No. 6,734,341,        WO 00/11192, WO 98/22604, WO 98/32326, WO 01/98509, WO 01/98509,        WO 2005/002359, U.S. Pat. No. 5,824,790, U.S. Pat. No.        6,013,861, WO 94/04693, WO 94/09144, WO 94/11520, WO 95/35026,        WO 97/20936    -   2) transgenic plants which synthesize non starch carbohydrate        polymers or which synthesize non starch carbohydrate polymers        with altered properties in comparison to wild type plants        without genetic modification. Examples are plants producing        polyfructose, especially of the inulin and levan-type, as        disclosed in EP 0663956, WO 96/01904, WO 96/21023, WO 98/39460,        and WO 99/24593, plants producing alpha-1,4-glucans as disclosed        in WO 95/31553, US 2002031826, U.S. Pat. No. 6,284,479, U.S.        Pat. No. 5,712,107, WO 97/47806, WO 97/47807, WO 97/47808 and WO        00/14249, plants producing alpha-1,6 branched alpha-1,4-glucans,        as disclosed in WO 00/73422, plants producing alternan, as        disclosed in e.g. WO 00/47727, WO 00/73422, EP 06077301.7, U.S.        Pat. No. 5,908,975 and EP 0728213,    -   3) transgenic plants which produce hyaluronan, as for example        disclosed in WO 2006/032538, WO 2007/039314, WO 2007/039315, WO        2007/039316, JP 2006304779, and WO 2005/012529.    -   4) transgenic plants or hybrid plants, such as onions with        characteristics such as ‘high soluble solids content’, ‘low        pungency’ (LP) and/or ‘long storage’ (LS), as described in U.S.        patent application Ser. No. 12/020,360 and 61/054,026.

Plants or plant cultivars (that can be obtained by plant biotechnologymethods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated accordingto the invention are plants, such as cotton plants, with altered fibercharacteristics. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation,or by selection of plants contain a mutation imparting such alteredfiber characteristics and include:

-   -   a) Plants, such as cotton plants, containing an altered form of        cellulose synthase genes as described in WO 98/00549    -   b) Plants, such as cotton plants, containing an altered form of        rsw2 or rsw3 homologous nucleic acids as described in WO        2004/053219    -   c) Plants, such as cotton plants, with increased expression of        sucrose phosphate synthase as described in WO 01/17333    -   d) Plants, such as cotton plants, with increased expression of        sucrose synthase as described in WO 02/45485    -   e) Plants, such as cotton plants, wherein the timing of the        plasmodesmatal gating at the basis of the fiber cell is altered,        e.g. through downregulation of fiber-selective β-1,3-glucanase        as described in WO 2005/017157, or as described in EP 08075514.3        or U.S. Patent Appl. No. 61/128,938    -   f) Plants, such as cotton plants, having fibers with altered        reactivity, e.g. through the expression of        N-acetylglucosaminetransferase gene including nodC and chitin        synthase genes as described in WO 2006/136351

Plants or plant cultivars (that can be obtained by plant biotechnologymethods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated accordingto the invention are plants, such as oilseed rape or related Brassicaplants, with altered oil profile characteristics. Such plants can beobtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants contain amutation imparting such altered oil profile characteristics and include:

-   -   a) Plants, such as oilseed rape plants, producing oil having a        high oleic acid content as described e.g. in U.S. Pat. No.        5,969,169, U.S. Pat. No. 5,840,946 or U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,392 or        U.S. Pat. No. 6,063,947    -   b) Plants such as oilseed rape plants, producing oil having a        low linolenic acid content as described in U.S. Pat. No.        6,270,828, U.S. Pat. No. 6,169,190, or U.S. Pat. No. 5,965,755    -   c) Plant such as oilseed rape plants, producing oil having a low        level of saturated fatty acids as described e.g. in U.S. Pat.        No. 5,434,283 or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/668,303

Plants or plant cultivars (that can be obtained by plant biotechnologymethods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated accordingto the invention are plants, such as oilseed rape or related Brassicaplants, with altered seed shattering characteristics. Such plants can beobtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants contain amutation imparting such altered seed shattering characteristics andinclude plants such as oilseed rape plants with delayed or reduced seedshattering as described in U.S. Patent Appl. No. 61/135,230 WO09/068313and WO10/006732.

Particularly useful transgenic plants which may be treated according tothe invention are plants containing transformation events, orcombination of transformation events, that are the subject of petitionsfor nonregulated status, in the United States of America, to the Animaland Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of the United StatesDepartment of Agriculture (USDA) whether such petitions are granted orare still pending. At any time this information is readily availablefrom APHIS (4700 River Road Riverdale, Md. 20737, USA), for instance onits internet site (URL http://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/not_reg.html). Onthe filing date of this application the petitions for nonregulatedstatus that were pending with APHIS or granted by APHIS were those whichcontains the following information:

-   -   Petition: the identification number of the petition. Technical        descriptions of the transformation events can be found in the        individual petition documents which are obtainable from APHIS,        for example on the APHIS website, by reference to this petition        number. These descriptions are herein incorporated by reference.    -   Extension of Petition: reference to a previous petition for        which an extension is requested.    -   Institution: the name of the entity submitting the petition.    -   Regulated article: the plant species concerned.    -   Transgenic phenotype: the trait conferred to the plants by the        transformation event.    -   Transformation event or line: the name of the event or events        (sometimes also designated as lines or lines) for which        nonregulated status is requested.    -   APHIS documents: various documents published by APHIS in        relation to the Petition and which can be requested with APHIS.

Additional particularly useful plants containing single transformationevents or combinations of transformation events are listed for examplein the databases from various national or regional regulatory agencies(see for example http://gmoinfo.jrc.it/gmp_browse.aspx andhttp://www.agbios.com/dbase.php).

Particularly useful transgenic plants which may be treated according tothe invention are plants containing transformation events, or acombination of transformation events, and that are listed for example inthe databases for various national or regional regulatory agenciesincluding Event 1143-14A (cotton, insect control, not deposited,described in WO 2006/128569); Event 1143-51B (cotton, insect control,not deposited, described in WO 2006/128570); Event 1445 (cotton,herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in US-A 2002-120964 or WO02/034946); Event 17053 (rice, herbicide tolerance, deposited asPTA-9843, described in WO 2010/117737); Event 17314 (rice, herbicidetolerance, deposited as PTA-9844, described in WO 2010/117735); Event281-24-236 (cotton, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited asPTA-6233, described in WO 2005/103266 or US-A 2005-216969); Event3006-210-23 (cotton, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited asPTA-6233, described in US-A 2007-143876 or WO 2005/103266); Event 3272(corn, quality trait, deposited as PTA-9972, described in WO 2006/098952or US-A 2006-230473); Event 40416 (corn, insect control-herbicidetolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-11508, described in WO 2011/075593);Event 43A47 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCCPTA-11509, described in WO 2011/075595); Event 5307 (corn, insectcontrol, deposited as ATCC PTA-9561, described in WO 2010/077816); EventASR-368 (bent grass, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-4816,described in US-A 2006-162007 or WO 2004/053062); Event B16 (corn,herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in US-A 2003-126634);Event BPS-CV127-9 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB No.41603, described in WO 2010/080829); Event CE43-67B (cotton, insectcontrol, deposited as DSM ACC2724, described in US-A 2009-217423 orWO2006/128573); Event CE44-69D (cotton, insect control, not deposited,described in US-A 2010-0024077); Event CE44-69D (cotton, insect control,not deposited, described in WO 2006/128571); Event CE46-02A (cotton,insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2006/128572); EventCOT102 (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in US-A2006-130175 or WO 2004/039986); Event COT202 (cotton, insect control,not deposited, described in US-A 2007-067868 or WO 2005/054479); EventCOT203 (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO2005/054480); Event DAS40278 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited asATCC PTA-10244, described in WO 2011/022469); Event DAS-59122-7 (corn,insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA 11384,described in US-A 2006-070139); Event DAS-59132 (corn, insectcontrol-herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in WO2009/100188); Event DAS68416 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited asATCC PTA-10442, described in WO 2011/066384 or WO 2011/066360); EventDP-098140-6 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8296,described in US-A 2009-137395 or WO 2008/112019); Event DP-305423-1(soybean, quality trait, not deposited, described in US-A 2008-312082 orWO 2008/054747); Event DP-32138-1 (corn, hybridization system, depositedas ATCC PTA-9158, described in US-A 2009-0210970 or WO 2009/103049);Event DP-356043-5 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCCPTA-8287, described in US-A 2010-0184079 or WO 2008/002872); Event EE-1(brinjal, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2007/091277);Event FI117 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209031,described in US-A 2006-059581 or WO 98/044140); Event GA21 (corn,herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209033, described in US-A2005-086719 or WO 98/044140); Event GG25 (corn, herbicide tolerance,deposited as ATCC 209032, described in US-A 2005-188434 or WO98/044140); Event GHB119 (cotton, insect control-herbicide tolerance,deposited as ATCC PTA-8398, described in WO 2008/151780); Event GHB614(cotton, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-6878, described inUS-A 2010-050282 or WO 2007/017186); Event GJ11 (corn, herbicidetolerance, deposited as ATCC 209030, described in US-A 2005-188434 or WO98/044140); Event GM RZ13 (sugar beet, virus resistance, deposited asNCIMB-41601, described in WO 2010/076212); Event H7-1 (sugar beet,herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB 41158 or NCIMB 41159, describedin US-A 2004-172669 or WO 2004/074492); Event JOPLIN1 (wheat, diseasetolerance, not deposited, described in US-A 2008-064032); Event LL27(soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB41658, described in WO2006/108674 or US-A 2008-320616); Event LL55 (soybean, herbicidetolerance, deposited as NCIMB 41660, described in WO 2006/108675 or US-A2008-196127); Event LLcotton25 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, depositedas ATCC PTA-3343, described in WO 03/013224 or US-A 2003-097687); EventLLRICE06 (rice, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC-23352, describedin U.S. Pat. No. 6,468,747 or WO 00/026345); Event LLRICE601 (rice,herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-2600, described in US-A2008-2289060 or WO 00/026356); Event LY038 (corn, quality trait,deposited as ATCC PTA-5623, described in US-A 2007-028322 or WO2005/061720); Event MIR162 (corn, insect control, deposited as PTA-8166,described in US-A 2009-300784 or WO 2007/142840); Event MIR604 (corn,insect control, not deposited, described in US-A 2008-167456 or WO2005/103301); Event MON15985 (cotton, insect control, deposited as ATCCPTA-2516, described in US-A 2004-250317 or WO 02/100163); Event MON810(corn, insect control, not deposited, described in US-A 2002-102582);Event MON863 (corn, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-2605,described in WO 2004/011601 or US-A 2006-095986); Event MON87427 (corn,pollination control, deposited as ATCC PTA-7899, described in WO2011/062904); Event MON87460 (corn, stress tolerance, deposited as ATCCPTA-8910, described in WO 2009/111263 or US-A 2011-0138504); EventMON87701 (soybean, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-8194, describedin US-A 2009-130071 or WO 2009/064652); Event MON87705 (soybean, qualitytrait-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-9241, described in US-A2010-0080887 or WO 2010/037016); Event MON87708 (soybean, herbicidetolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA9670, described in WO 2011/034704);Event MON87754 (soybean, quality trait, deposited as ATCC PTA-9385,described in WO 2010/024976); Event MON87769 (soybean, quality trait,deposited as ATCC PTA-8911, described in US-A 2011-0067141 or WO2009/102873); Event MON88017 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance,deposited as ATCC PTA-5582, described in US-A 2008-028482 or WO2005/059103); Event MON88913 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, deposited asATCC PTA-4854, described in WO 2004/072235 or US-A 2006-059590); EventMON89034 (corn, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-7455, described inWO 2007/140256 or US-A 2008-260932); Event MON89788 (soybean, herbicidetolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-6708, described in US-A 2006-282915 orWO 2006/130436); Event MS11 (oilseed rape, pollination control-herbicidetolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-850 or PTA-2485, described in WO01/031042); Event MS8 (oilseed rape, pollination control-herbicidetolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-730, described in WO 01/041558 or US-A2003-188347); Event NK603 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCCPTA-2478, described in US-A 2007-292854); Event PE-7 (rice, insectcontrol, not deposited, described in WO 2008/114282); Event RF3 (oilseedrape, pollination control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCCPTA-730, described in WO 01/041558 or US-A 2003-188347); Event RT73(oilseed rape, herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in WO02/036831 or US-A 2008-070260); Event T227-1 (sugar beet, herbicidetolerance, not deposited, described in WO 02/44407 or US-A 2009-265817);Event T25 (corn, herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in US-A2001-029014 or WO 01/051654); Event T304-40 (cotton, insectcontrol-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8171, described inUS-A 2010-077501 or WO 2008/122406); Event T342-142 (cotton, insectcontrol, not deposited, described in WO 2006/128568); Event TC1507(corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described inUS-A 2005-039226 or WO 2004/099447); Event VIP1034 (corn, insectcontrol-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-3925, described in WO03/052073), Event 32316 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance,deposited as PTA-11507, described in WO 2011/084632), Event 4114 (corn,insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-11506, described inWO 2011/084621).

In the context of the present invention, the active compoundscombinations or compositions according to the invention are applied ontheir own or in a suitable formulation to the seed. Preferably, the seedis treated in a state in which it is sufficiently stable so that thetreatment does not cause any damage. In general, treatment of the seedmay take place at any point in time between harvesting and sowing.Usually, the seed used is separated from the plant and freed from cobs,shells, stalks, coats, hairs or the flesh of the fruits. Thus, it ispossible to use, for example, seed which has been harvested, cleaned anddried to a moisture content of less than 15% by weight. Alternatively,it is also possible to use seed which, after drying, has been treated,for example, with water and then dried again.

When treating the seed, care must generally be taken that the amount ofthe composition according to the invention applied to the seed and/orthe amount of further additives is chosen in such a way that thegermination of the seed is not adversely affected, or that the resultingplant is not damaged. This must be borne in mind in particular in thecase of active compounds which may have phytotoxic effects at certainapplication rates.

The compositions according to the invention can be applied directly,that is to say without comprising further components and without havingbeen diluted. In general, it is preferable to apply the compositions tothe seed in the form of a suitable formulation. Suitable formulationsand methods for the treatment of seed are known to the person skilled inthe art and are described, for example, in the following documents: U.S.Pat. No. 4,272,417 A, U.S. Pat. No. 4,245,432 A, U.S. Pat. No. 4,808,430A, U.S. Pat. No. 5,876,739 A, US 2003/0176428 A1, WO 2002/080675 A1, WO2002/028186 A2.

The active compounds combinations which can be used according to theinvention can be converted into customary seed dressing formulations,such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries orother coating materials for seed, and also ULV formulations.

These formulations are prepared in a known manner by mixing the activecompounds or active compounds combinations with customary additives,such as, for example, customary extenders and also solvents or diluents,colorants, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, defoamers,preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and wateras well.

Suitable colorants that may be present in the seed dressing formulationswhich can be used according to the invention include all colorantscustomary for such purposes. Use may be made both of pigments, ofsparing solubility in water, and of dyes, which are soluble in water.Examples that may be mentioned include the colorants known under thedesignations Rhodamine B, C.I. Pigment Red 112, and C.I. Solvent Red 1.Suitable wetting agents that may be present in the seed dressingformulations which can be used according to the invention include allsubstances which promote wetting and are customary in the formulation ofactive agrochemical substances. With preference it is possible to usealkylnaphthalene-sulfonates, such as diisopropyl- ordiisobutylnaphthalene-sulfonates.

Suitable dispersants and/or emulsifiers that may be present in the seeddressing formulations which can be used according to the inventioninclude all nonionic, anionic, and cationic dispersants which arecustomary in the formulation of active agrochemical substances. Withpreference, it is possible to use nonionic or anionic dispersants ormixtures of nonionic or anionic dispersants. Particularly suitablenonionic dispersants are ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymers,alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, and tristyrylphenol polyglycol ethers,and their phosphated or sulfated derivatives. Particularly suitableanionic dispersants are lignosulfonates, polyacrylic salts, andarylsulfonate-formaldehyde condensates.

Defoamers that may be present in the seed dressing formulations to beused according to the invention include all foam-inhibiting compoundswhich are customary in the formulation of agrochemically activecompounds. Preference is given to using silicone defoamers, magnesiumstearate, silicone emulsions, long-chain alcohols, fatty acids and theirsalts and also organofluorine compounds and mixtures thereof.

Preservatives that may be present in the seed dressing formulations tobe used according to the invention include all compounds which can beused for such purposes in agrochemical compositions. By way of example,mention may be made of dichlorophen and benzyl alcohol hemiformal.

Secondary thickeners that may be present in the seed dressingformulations to be used according to the invention include all compoundswhich can be used for such purposes in agrochemical compositions.Preference is given to cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives,polysaccharides, such as xanthan gum or Veegum, modified clays,phyllosilicates, such as attapulgite and bentonite, and also finelydivided silicic acids.

Suitable adhesives that may be present in the seed dressing formulationsto be used according to the invention include all customary binderswhich can be used in seed dressings. Polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylacetate, polyvinyl alcohol and tylose may be mentioned as beingpreferred.

Suitable gibberellins that may be present in the seed dressingformulations to be used according to the invention are preferably thegibberellins A1, A3 (=gibberellic acid), A4 and A7; particularpreference is given to using gibberellic acid. The gibberellins areknown (cf. R. Wegler “Chemie der Pflanzenschutz- andSchädlingsbekämpfungsmittel” [Chemistry of Crop Protection Agents andPesticides], Vol. 2, Springer Verlag, 1970, pp. 401-412).

The seed dressing formulations which can be used according to theinvention may be used directly or after dilution with water beforehandto treat seed of any of a very wide variety of types. The seed dressingformulations which can be used according to the invention or theirdilute preparations may also be used to dress seed of transgenic plants.In this context, synergistic effects may also arise in interaction withthe substances formed by expression.

Suitable mixing equipment for treating seed with the seed dressingformulations which can be used according to the invention or thepreparations prepared from them by adding water includes all mixingequipment which can commonly be used for dressing. The specificprocedure adopted when dressing comprises introducing the seed into amixer, adding the particular desired amount of seed dressingformulation, either as it is or following dilution with waterbeforehand, and carrying out mixing until the formulation is uniformlydistributed on the seed. Optionally, a drying operation follows.

The active compounds or compositions according to the invention havestrong microbicidal activity and can be used for controlling unwantedmicroorganisms, such as fungi and bacteria, in crop protection andmaterial protection.

In crop protection, fungicides can be used for controllingPlasmodiophoromycetes, Oomycetes, Chytridiomycetes, Zygomycetes,Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes.

In crop protection, bactericides can be used for controllingPseudomonadaceae, Rhizobiaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Corynebacteriaceaeand Streptomycetaceae.

The compositions according to the invention can be used for the curativeor protective control of harmful organisms. Accordingly, the inventionalso relates to curative and protective methods for controlling harmfulorganisms using the active compounds combinations or compositionsaccording to the invention, which are applied to the seed, the plant orplant parts, the fruit or the soil in which the plants grow. Preferenceis given to application onto the plant or the plant parts, the fruits orthe soil in which the plants grow.

The compositions according to the invention for combating harmfulorganisms in crop protection comprise an active, but non-phytotoxicamount of the compounds according to the invention. “Active, butnon-phytotoxic amount” shall mean an amount of the composition accordingto the invention which is sufficient to control or to completely killthe plant disease, which amount at the same time does not exhibitnoteworthy symptoms of phytotoxicity. These application rates generallymay be varied in a broader range, which rate depends on several factors,e.g. the harmful organism, the plant or crop, the climatic conditionsand the ingredients of the composition according to the invention.

The fact that the active compounds, at the concentrations required forthe controlling of plant diseases, are well tolerated by plants permitsthe treatment of aerial plant parts, of vegetative propagation materialand seed, and of the soil.

According to the invention, it is possible to treat all plants and partsof plants. Plants are to be understood here as meaning all plants andplant populations, such as wanted and unwanted wild plants or cropplants (including naturally occurring crop plants). Crop plants can beplants which can be obtained by conventional breeding and optimizationmethods or by biotechnological and genetic engineering methods orcombinations of these methods, including the transgenic plants andincluding plant cultivars which can or cannot be protected by plantvariety protection rights. Parts of plants are to be understood asmeaning all above-ground and below-ground parts and organs of theplants, such as shoot, leaf, flower and root, examples which may bementioned being leaves, needles, stems, trunks, flowers, fruit bodies,fruits and seeds and also roots, tubers and rhizomes. Plant parts alsoinclude harvested material and vegetative and generative propagationmaterial, for example seedlings, tubers, rhizomes, cuttings and seeds.Preference is given to the treatment of the plants and the above-groundand below-ground parts and organs of the plants, such as shoot, leaf,flower and root, examples which may be mentioned being leaves, needles,stems, trunks, flowers, and fruits.

The active compounds of the invention, in combination with good planttolerance and favourable toxicity to warm-blooded animals and beingtolerated well by the environment, are suitable for protecting plantsand plant organs, for increasing the harvest yields, for improving thequality of the harvested material. They may be preferably employed ascrop protection agents. They are active against normally sensitive andresistant species and against all or some stages of development.

The following plants may be mentioned as plants which can be treatedaccording to the invention: cotton, flax, grapevines, fruit, vegetable,such as Rosaceae sp. (for example pomaceous fruit, such as apples andpears, but also stone fruit, such as apricots, cherries, almonds andpeaches and soft fruit such as strawberries), Ribesioidae sp.,Juglandaceae sp., Betulaceae sp., Anacardiaceae sp., Fagaceae sp.,Moraceae sp., Oleaceae sp., Actinidaceae sp., Lauraceae sp., Musaceaesp. (for example banana trees and plantations), Rubiaceae sp. (forexample coffee), Theaceae sp., Sterculiceae sp., Rutaceae sp. (forexample lemons, oranges and grapefruit), Solanaceae sp. (for exampletomatoes), Liliaceae sp., Asteraceae sp. (for example lettuce),Umbelliferae sp., Cruciferae sp., Chenopodiaceae sp., Cucurbitaceae sp.(for example cucumbers), Alliaceae sp. (for example leek, onions),Papilionaceae sp. (for example peas); major crop plants, such Gramineaesp. (for example maize, lawn, cereals such as wheat, rye, rice, barley,oats, millet and triticale), Asteraceae sp. (for example sunflowers),Brassicaceae sp. (for example white cabbage, red cabbage, broccoli,cauliflowers, Brussels sprouts, pak choi, kohlrabi, garden radish, andalso oilseed rape, mustard, horseradish and cress), Fabacae sp. (forexample beans, peas, peanuts), Papilionaceae sp. (for example soyabeans), Solanaceae sp. (for example potatoes), Chenopodiaceae sp. (forexample sugar beet, fodder beet, Swiss chard, beetroot); crop plants andornamental plants in garden and forest; and also in each casegenetically modified varieties of these plants.

As already mentioned above, it is possible to treat all plants and theirparts according to the invention. In a preferred embodiment, wild plantspecies and plant cultivars, or those obtained by conventionalbiological breeding methods, such as crossing or protoplast fusion, andparts thereof, are treated. In a further preferred embodiment,transgenic plants and plant cultivars obtained by genetic engineeringmethods, if appropriate in combination with conventional methods(genetically modified organisms), and parts thereof are treated. Theterms “parts”, “parts of plants” and “plant parts” have been explainedabove. Particularly preferably, plants of the plant cultivars which arein each case commercially available or in use are treated according tothe invention. Plant cultivars are to be understood as meaning plantshaving novel properties (“traits”) which have been obtained byconventional breeding, by mutagenesis or by recombinant DNA techniques.These can be cultivars, bio- or genotypes.

In material protection the substances of the invention may be used forthe protection of technical materials against infestation anddestruction by harmful organisms.

Technical materials are understood to be in the present contextnon-living materials that have been prepared for use in engineering. Forexample, technical materials that are to be protected againstmicro-biological change or destruction by the active materials of theinvention can be adhesives, glues, paper and cardboard, textiles,carpets, leather, wood, paint and plastic articles, cooling lubricantsand other materials that can be infested or destroyed bymicro-organisms. Within the context of materials to be protected arealso parts of production plants and buildings, for example coolingcircuits, cooling and heating systems, air conditioning and ventilationsystems, which can be adversely affected by the propagation of harmfulorganisms, particularly fungi and/or microorganisms. Within the contextof the present invention, preferably mentioned as technical materialsare adhesives, glues, paper and cardboard, leather, wood, paints,cooling lubricants and heat exchanger liquids, particularly preferred iswood. The combinations according to the invention can preventdisadvantageous effects like decaying, dis- and decoloring, or molding.The active compounds combinations and compositions according to theinvention can likewise be employed for protecting against colonizationof objects, in particular ship hulls, sieves, nets, buildings, quays andsignalling installations, which are in contact with sea water orbrackish water.

The method of treatment according to the invention can also be used inthe field of protecting storage goods against attack of harmfulorganisms, particularly fungi and microorganisms. According to thepresent invention, the term “storage goods” is understood to denotenatural substances of vegetable or animal origin and their processedforms, which have been taken from the natural life cycle and for whichlong-term protection is desired. Storage goods of vegetable origin, suchas plants or parts thereof, for example stalks, leafs, tubers, seeds,fruits or grains, can be protected in the freshly harvested state or inprocessed form, such as pre-dried, moistened, comminuted, ground,pressed or roasted. Also falling under the definition of storage goodsis timber, whether in the form of crude timber, such as constructiontimber, electricity pylons and barriers, or in the form of finishedarticles, such as furniture or objects made from wood. Storage goods ofanimal origin are hides, leather, furs, hairs and the like. Thecombinations according the present invention can prevent disadvantageouseffects such as decay, discoloration or mold. Preferably “storage goods”is understood to denote natural substances of vegetable origin and theirprocessed forms, more preferably fruits and their processed forms, suchas pomes, stone fruits, soft fruits and citrus fruits and theirprocessed forms.

Some pathogens of fungal diseases which can be treated according to theinvention may be mentioned by way of example, but not by way oflimitation:

Diseases caused by powdery mildew pathogens, such as, for example,Blumeria species, such as, for example, Blumeria graminis; Podosphaeraspecies, such as, for example, Podosphaera leucotricha; Sphaerothecaspecies, such as, for example, Sphaerotheca fuliginea; Uncinula species,such as, for example, Uncinula necator;

Diseases caused by rust disease pathogens, such as, for example,Gymnosporangium species, such as, for example, Gymnosporangium sabinae;Hemileia species, such as, for example, Hemileia vastatrix; Phakopsoraspecies, such as, for example, Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsorameibomiae; Puccinia species, such as, for example, Puccinia recondita orPuccinia triticina; Uromyces species, such as, for example, Uromycesappendiculatus;

Diseases caused by pathogens from the group of the Oomycetes, such as,for example, Bremia species, such as, for example, Bremia lactucae;Peronospora species, such as, for example, Peronospora pisi or P.brassicae; Phytophthora species, such as, for example Phytophthorainfestans; Plasmopara species, such as, for example, Plasmoparaviticola; Pseudoperonospora species, such as, for example,Pseudoperonospora humuli or Pseudoperonospora cubensis; Pythium species,such as, for example, Pythium ultimum;

Leaf blotch diseases and leaf wilt diseases caused, for example, byAlternaria species, such as, for example, Alternaria solani; Cercosporaspecies, such as, for example, Cercospora beticola; Cladiosporiumspecies, such as, for example, Cladiosporium cucumerinum; Cochliobolusspecies, such as, for example, Cochliobolus sativus (conidia form:Drechslera, Syn: Helminthosporium); Colletotrichum species, such as, forexample, Colletotrichum lindemuthanium; Cycloconium species, such as,for example, Cycloconium oleaginum; Diaporthe species, such as, forexample, Diaporthe citri; Elsinoe species, such as, for example, Elsinoefawcettii; Gloeosporium species, such as, for example, Gloeosporiumlaeticolor; Glomerella species, such as, for example, Glomerellacingulata; Guignardia species, such as, for example, Guignardiabidwelli; Leptosphaeria species, such as, for example, Leptosphaeriamaculans; Magnaporthe species, such as, for example, Magnaporthe grisea;Microdochium species, such as, for example, Microdochium nivale;Mycosphaerella species, such as, for example, Mycosphaerella graminicolaand M. fijiensis; Phaeosphaeria species, such as, for example,Phaeosphaeria nodorum; Pyrenophora species, such as, for example,Pyrenophora teres; Ramularia species, such as, for example, Ramulariacollo-cygni; Rhynchosporium species, such as, for example,Rhynchosporium secalis; Septoria species, such as, for example, Septoriaapii; Typhula species, such as, for example, Typhula incarnata; Venturiaspecies, such as, for example, Venturia inaequalis;

Root and stem diseases caused, for example, by Corticium species, suchas, for example, Corticium graminearum; Fusarium species, such as, forexample, Fusarium oxysporum; Gaeumannomyces species, such as, forexample, Gaeumannomyces graminis; Rhizoctonia species, such as, forexample Rhizoctonia solani; Tapesia species, such as, for example,Tapesia acuformis; Thielaviopsis species, such as, for example,Thielaviopsis basicola;

Ear and panicle diseases (including maize cobs) caused, for example, byAlternaria species, such as, for example, Alternaria spp.; Aspergillusspecies, such as, for example, Aspergillus flavus; Cladosporium species,such as, for example, Cladosporium cladosporioides; Claviceps species,such as, for example, Claviceps purpurea; Fusarium species, such as, forexample, Fusarium culmorum; Gibberella species, such as, for example,Gibberella zeae; Monographella species, such as, for example,Monographella nivalis; Septoria species, such as for example, Septorianodorum;

Diseases caused by smut fungi, such as, for example, Sphacelothecaspecies, such as, for example, Sphacelotheca reiliana; Tilletia species,such as, for example, Tilletia caries; T. controversa; Urocystisspecies, such as, for example, Urocystis occulta; Ustilago species, suchas, for example, Ustilago nuda; U. nuda tritici;

Fruit rot caused, for example, by Aspergillus species, such as, forexample, Aspergillus flavus; Botrytis species, such as, for example,Botrytis cinerea; Penicillium species, such as, for example, Penicilliumexpansum and P. purpurogenum; Sclerotinia species, such as, for example,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; Verticilium species, such as, for example,Verticilium alboatrum;

Seed- and soil-borne rot and wilt diseases, and also diseases ofseedlings, caused, for example, by Fusarium species, such as, forexample, Fusarium culmorum; Phytophthora species, such as, for example,Phytophthora cactorum; Pythium species, such as, for example, Pythiumultimum; Rhizoctonia species, such as, for example, Rhizoctonia solani;Sclerotium species, such as, for example, Sclerotium rolfsii;

Cancerous diseases, galls and witches' broom caused, for example, byNectria species, such as, for example, Nectria galligena;

Wilt diseases caused, for example, by Monilinia species, such as, forexample, Monilinia laxa;

Deformations of leaves, flowers and fruits caused, for example, byTaphrina species, such as, for example, Taphrina deformans;

Degenerative diseases of woody plants caused, for example, by Escaspecies, such as, for example, Phaemoniella clamydospora andPhaeoacremonium aleophilum and Fomitiporia mediterranea;

Diseases of flowers and seeds caused, for example, by Botrytis species,such as, for example, Botrytis cinerea;

Diseases of plant tubers caused, for example, by Rhizoctonia species,such as, for example, Rhizoctonia solani; Helminthosporium species, suchas, for example, Helminthosporium solani;

Diseases caused by bacteriopathogens, such as, for example, Xanthomonasspecies, such as, for example, Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae;Pseudomonas species, such as, for example, Pseudomonas syringae pv.lachrymans; Erwinia species, such as, for example, Erwinia amylovora.

Preference is given to controlling the following diseases of soya beans:

Fungal diseases on leaves, stems, pods and seeds caused, for example, byalternaria leaf spot (Alternaria spec. atrans tenuissima), anthracnose(Colletotrichum gloeosporoides dematium var. truncatum), brown spot(Septoria glycines), cercospora leaf spot and blight (Cercosporakikuchii), choanephora leaf blight (Choanephora infundibulifera trispora(Syn.)), dactuliophora leaf spot (Dactuliophora glycines), downy mildew(Peronospora manshurica), drechslera blight (Drechslera glycini),frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora sojina), leptosphaerulina leaf spot(Leptosphaerulina trifolii), phyllostica leaf spot (Phyllostictasojaecola), pod and stem blight (Phomopsis sojae), powdery mildew(Microsphaera diffusa), pyrenochaeta leaf spot (Pyrenochaeta glycines),rhizoctonia aerial, foliage, and web blight (Rhizoctonia solani), rust(Phakopsora pachyrhizi Phakopsora meibomiae), scab (Sphacelomaglycines), stemphylium leaf blight (Stemphylium botryosum), target spot(Corynespora cassiicola).

Fungal diseases on roots and the stem base caused, for example, by blackroot rot (Calonectria crotalariae), charcoal rot (Macrophominaphaseolina), fusarium blight or wilt, root rot, and pod and collar rot(Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium orthoceras, Fusarium semitectum, Fusariumequiseti), mycoleptodiscus root rot (Mycoleptodiscus terrestris),neocosmospora (Neocosmopspora vasinfecta), pod and stem blight(Diaporthe phaseolorum), stem canker (Diaporthe phaseolorum var.caulivora), phytophthora rot (Phytophthora megasperma), brown stem rot(Phialophora gregata), pythium rot (Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythiumirregulare, Pythium debaryanum, Pythium myriotylum, Pythium ultimum),rhizoctonia root rot, stem decay, and damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani),sclerotinia stem decay (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), sclerotinia Southernblight (Sclerotinia rolfsii), thielaviopsis root rot (Thielaviopsisbasicola).

It is also possible to control resistant strains of the organismsmentioned above.

Microorganisms capable of degrading or changing the industrial materialswhich may be mentioned are, for example, bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algaeand slime organisms. The active compounds according to the inventionpreferably act against fungi, in particular moulds, wood-discolouringand wood-destroying fungi (Basidiomycetes) and against slime organismsand algae. Microorganisms of the following genera may be mentioned asexamples: Alternaria, such as Alternaria tenuis, Aspergillus, such asAspergillus niger, Chaetomium, such as Chaetomium globosum, Coniophora,such as Coniophora puetana, Lentinus, such as Lentinus tigrinus,Penicillium, such as Penicillium glaucum, Polyporus, such as Polyporusversicolor, Aureobasidium, such as Aureobasidium pullulans, Sclerophoma,such as Sclerophoma pityophila, Trichoderma, such as Trichoderma viride,Escherichia, such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, such as Pseudomonasaeruginosa, and Staphylococcus, such as Staphylococcus aureus.

In addition, the compounds of the formula (I) or Torque™ according tothe invention also have very good antimycotic activity. They have a verybroad antimycotic activity spectrum in particular against dermatophytesand yeasts, moulds and diphasic fungi (for example against Candidaspecies such as Candida albicans, Candida glabrata) and Epidermophytonfloccosum, Aspergillus species such as Aspergillus niger and Aspergillusfumigatus, Trichophyton species such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes,Microsporon species such as Microsporon canis and audouinii. The list ofthese fungi by no means limits the mycotic spectrum which can becovered, but is only for illustration.

When applying the compounds according to the invention the applicationrates can be varied within a broad range. The dose of activecompound/application rate usually applied in the method of treatmentaccording to the invention is generally and advantageously

-   -   for treatment of part of plants, e.g. leafs (foliar treatment):        from 0.1 to 10,000 g/ha, preferably from 10 to 1,000 g/ha, more        preferably from 50 to 300 g/ha; in case of drench or drip        application, the dose can even be reduced, especially while        using inert substrates like rockwool or perlite;    -   for seed treatment: from 2 to 200 g per 100 kg of seed,        preferably from 3 to 150 g per 100 kg of seed, more preferably        from 2.5 to 25 g per 100 kg of seed, even more preferably from        2.5 to 12.5 g per 100 kg of seed;    -   for soil treatment: from 0.1 to 10,000 g/ha, preferably from 1        to 5,000 g/ha.

The doses herein indicated are given as illustrative examples of themethod according to the invention. A person skilled in the art will knowhow to adapt the application doses, notably according to the nature ofthe plant or crop to be treated.

The combination according to the invention can be used in order toprotect plants within a certain time range after the treatment againstharmful organisms and/or pests and/or phytopathogenic fungi and/ormicroorganisms. The time range, in which protection is effected, spansin general 1 to 28 days, preferably 1 to 14 days, more preferably 1 to10 days, even more preferably 1 to 7 days after the treatment of theplants with the combinations or up to 200 days after the treatment ofplant propagation material.

Furthermore combinations and compositions according to the invention mayalso be used to reduce the contents of mycotoxins in plants and theharvested plant material and therefore in foods and animal feed stuffmade therefrom. Especially but not exclusively the following mycotoxinscan be specified: Deoxynivalenole (DON), Nivalenole, 15-Ac-DON,3-Ac-DON, T2-und HT2-Toxins, Fumonisines, Zearalenone Moniliformine,Fusarine, Diaceotoxyscirpenole (DAS), Beauvericine, Enniatine,Fusaroproliferine, Fusarenole, Ochratoxins, Patuline, Ergotalkaloidesund Aflatoxines, which are caused for example by the following fungaldiseases: Fusarium spec., like Fusarium acuminatum, F. avenaceum, F.crookwellense, F. culmorum, F. graminearum (Gibberella zeae), F.equiseti, F. fujikoroi, F. musarum, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F.poae, F. pseudo graminearum, F. sambucinum, F. scirpi, F. semitectum, F.solani, F. sporotrichoides, F. langsethiae, F. subglutinans, F.tricinctum, F. verticillioides and others but also by Aspergillus spec.,Penicillium spec., Claviceps purpurea, Stachybotrys spec. and others.

The present invention further relates to a composition as herein-definedcomprising at least one further active ingredient selected from thegroup of the insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides,acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, growth regulators, herbicides,fertilizers, safeners and semiochemicals.

In particular, said further active ingredient can be chosen in the listsof insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides, acaricides,nematicides, fungicides, growth regulators, herbicides, fertilizers,safeners and semiochemicals disclosed herein.

The present invention further relates to a method for controllingharmful organisms and/or increasing the yield and/or stimulating thegrowth, characterized in that an active compounds combination asherein-defined is applied to the harmful organisms and/or their habitat.

The present invention further relates to a process for producingcompositions for controlling harmful organisms and/or increasing theyield and/or stimulating the growth, characterized in that an activecompounds combination as herein-defined is mixed with extenders and/orsurfactants.

The present invention further relates to the use of an active compoundscombination as herein-defined for controlling harmful organisms and/orincreasing the yield and/or stimulating the growth.

The present invention further relates to the use of an active compoundscombination as herein-defined for the treatment of transgenic plants.

The present invention further relates to the use of an active compoundscombination as herein-defined for the treatment of seed and of seed oftransgenic plants.

The present invention further relates to the use of an active compoundscombination as herein-defined for the foliar treatment of plants ortransgenic plants.

The advanced activity of the active compounds combinations according tothe invention is evident from the example below.

A synergistic effect is always present when the activity of the activecompounds combinations exceeds the total of the activities of the activecompounds when applied individually. The expected activity for a givencombination of two active compounds can be calculated as follows (cf.Colby, S. R., “Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses ofHerbicide Combinations”, Weeds 1967, 15, 20-22):

If

-   X is the efficacy when active compound A is applied at an    application rate of x ppm (or g/ha),-   Y is the efficacy when active compound B is applied at an    application rate of y ppm (or g/ha),-   E is the efficacy when the active compounds A and B are applied at    application rates of x and y ppm (or g/ha), respectively, and-   then

$E = {X + Y - \frac{X*Y}{100}}$

If the actual activity exceeds the calculated value, then the activityof the combination is superadditive, i.e. a synergistic effect exists.In this case, the efficacy which was actually observed must be greaterthan the value for the expected efficacy (E) calculated from theabovementioned formula.

A further way of demonstrating a synergistic effect is the method ofTammes (cf. “Isoboles, a graphic representation of synergism inpesticides” in Neth. J. Plant Path., 1964, 70, 73-80).

The invention is illustrated by the following example. However theinvention is not limited to the example.

EXAMPLE 1 Maize Seedlings Shoot Weight

Maize seeds are grown in loamy sand in the greenhouse at 20 C and 70%humidity for 11 days. After 11 days seedlings were cut off above thesoil and fresh weight was determined. Compounds are applied at thefollowing concentration:

Poncho™ (pesticidal product comprising clothianidin as activeingredient): 250 μg of clothianidin/kernel; VOTiVO™ (product based onthe natural soil bacteria Bacillus firmus (strain I-1582): 50 μg/kernel;

Compound A of formula (I): 0.01 μg/kernel.

The test is evaluated 11 days after the application. 100% means shootweight which corresponds to that of the untreated control. Efficacymeans in this case the additional % of shoot weight in comparison tothat of the untreated control.

Seedling shoot weight (g) Effi- Calcu- (Average on Found cacy lated 3replicates) % % % Untreated control 14.3 100 Poncho ™ (clothianidin)13.7 96 VOTiVO ™ 13.6 95.3 Compound A of formula (I) 15.3 107 7Poncho ™ + VOTiVO ™ 15.0 107 7 Compound A of formula (I) + 16.8 118 1813 Poncho ™ + VOTiVO ™

The invention claimed is:
 1. An active compounds composition comprising(A) one derivative compound of formula (I)

(B) Bacillus firmus strain I-1582; and (C) clothianidin in asynergistically effective weight ratio of A/B/C in a range from1/10³/10⁴ to 1/10⁶/10⁷.
 2. The composition according to claim 1 furthercomprising extenders and/or surfactants.
 3. The composition according toclaim 2 comprising at least one further active ingredient selected fromthe group consisting of insecticides, attractants, sterilants,bactericides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, growth regulators,herbicides, fertilizers, safeners and semiochemicals.
 4. A seed treatedwith an active compounds composition according to claim
 1. 5. A methodfor controlling harmful organisms, characterized in that an activecompounds composition according to claim 1 is applied to the harmfulorganisms and/or their habitat.
 6. A method for increasing yield orstimulating plant growth, characterized in that an active compoundscomposition according to claim 1 is applied to the plant.
 7. A processfor producing compositions characterized in that an active compoundscomposition according to claim 1 is mixed with extenders and/orsurfactants.